“Feel free to ask”: Nudging to promote asking questions in the online classroom

IF 6.4 1区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Internet and Higher Education Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI:10.1016/j.iheduc.2023.100931
Robert J. Weijers , Björn B. de Koning , Ester Scholten , L.Y.J. Wong , Fred Paas
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Abstract

Asking questions is vital for learning, yet students seldom exhibit this behavior. Given the increasing presence of online classrooms in tertiary education, it is much needed to examine ways to encourage students to ask questions and increase their engagement. Despite the critical role of asking questions to enhance learning, little is known in research on promoting this behavior. Therefore, in this paper, we empirically tested the effect of nudging – a novel approach in education consisting of subtle interventions to change behavior – in online classrooms in tertiary education on question asking behavior, student engagement, and grades. In Experiment 1 (n = 1011), the teacher's virtual background prompted questions (prompt nudge), while in Experiment 2 (n = 449), the teacher set a goal for the students to ask one question per session (goal-setting nudge). We found a trend towards a positive effect of the prompt nudge on questions, but not on grades. Exploratory analyses revealed this was driven by students who already asked many questions. We found no effect of the goal-setting nudge on any measure, nor any effect in either experiment on student engagement. The findings demonstrate that the prompt nudge can be a possible useful and easy to implement tool to encourage questions in the online classroom.

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“随意提问”:推动在线课堂提问
提问对于学习是至关重要的,然而学生很少表现出这种行为。鉴于高等教育中越来越多的在线课堂,我们非常有必要研究鼓励学生提问和提高参与度的方法。尽管提出问题在提高学习中起着至关重要的作用,但关于促进这种行为的研究却知之甚少。因此,在本文中,我们通过实证检验了在高等教育在线课堂中,轻推对提问行为、学生参与度和成绩的影响。轻推是一种新的教育方法,由微妙的干预措施组成,以改变行为。在实验1 (n = 1011)中,教师的虚拟背景提示提问(提示式轻推),而在实验2 (n = 449)中,教师为学生设定一个目标,每节课问一个问题(目标设定轻推)。我们发现了一种趋势,即即时推动对问题的积极影响,而不是对成绩的积极影响。探索性分析显示,这是由已经提出了许多问题的学生推动的。我们发现目标设定的推动对任何测量都没有影响,在两个实验中对学生参与度也没有任何影响。研究结果表明,提示推动可能是一种有用且易于实施的工具,可以在在线课堂中鼓励提问。
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来源期刊
Internet and Higher Education
Internet and Higher Education EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-
CiteScore
19.30
自引率
4.70%
发文量
30
审稿时长
40 days
期刊介绍: The Internet and Higher Education is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal focused on contemporary issues and future trends in online learning, teaching, and administration within post-secondary education. It welcomes contributions from diverse academic disciplines worldwide and provides a platform for theory papers, research studies, critical essays, editorials, reviews, case studies, and social commentary.
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