Cardioprotective Role of Tinospora cordifolia against Trimethylamine-N-Oxide and Glucose Induced Stress in Rat Cardiomyocytes.

Shivani Singhal, Vibha Rani
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Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes has become a concern issue that affects the quality of life and can increase the risk of cardiac insufficiency elevating the threat to the life safety of patients. A recognized cause of cardiac insufficiency is diabetic cardiomyopathy, chronic hyperglycemia, and myocardial lipotoxicity which can reduce the myocardial contractile performance, and enhance the cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. The cause of diabetic cardiomyopathy is multi-factorial which includes oxidative stress, insulin resistance, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy. Recent clinical studies have suggested the dysbiosis of gut microbiota, secretion of metabolites, and their diffusion in to the host as to have direct detrimental effects on the cardiac contractility.

Materials and methods: In the present paper, we have done in silico studies including molecular interaction of phytoconstituents of Tinospora cordifolia against reactive oxygen species producing proteins. Whereas, in vitro studies were conducted on H9C2 cardiac cells including cell morphological examination, level of reactive oxygen species, cell count-viability, apoptotic status, in the presence of high glucose, trimethylamine-n-oxide, and plant extracts which were determined through cell analyzer and microscopic assays.

Results: The treatment of high glucose and trimethylamine-n-oxide was found to be increase the cardiac stress approximately two fold by attenuating hypertrophic conditions, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes, and Tinospora cordifolia was found to be a cardioprotective agent.

Conclusion: Conclusively, our study has reported that the Indian medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia has the ability to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our study can open up a new herbal therapeutic strategy against diabetic cardiomyopathy.

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堇叶Tinospora cordifolia对大鼠心肌细胞一氧化氮三甲胺和葡萄糖诱导应激的心脏保护作用。
背景:2型糖尿病已成为一个影响生活质量的令人担忧的问题,并可能增加心功能不全的风险,从而威胁患者的生命安全。公认的心功能不全的原因是糖尿病心肌病、慢性高血糖和心肌脂毒性,它们会降低心肌收缩性能,增强心肌细胞肥大和间质纤维化。糖尿病心肌病的病因是多因素的,包括氧化应激、胰岛素抵抗、炎症、细胞凋亡和自噬。最近的临床研究表明,肠道微生物群的微生态失调、代谢物的分泌及其向宿主的扩散对心脏收缩力有直接的不利影响。材料和方法:在本文中,我们进行了计算机研究,包括堇叶Tinospora cordifolia的植物成分与活性氧产生蛋白的分子相互作用。然而,在高糖、正氧化三甲胺和植物提取物存在的情况下,对H9C2心脏细胞进行了体外研究,包括细胞形态检查、活性氧水平、细胞计数活力、凋亡状态,这些都是通过细胞分析仪和显微镜测定确定的。结果:高糖和三甲胺正氧化物的治疗可通过减轻大鼠心肌细胞的肥大条件、氧化应激和凋亡,使心脏应激增加约两倍,而堇叶Tinospora cordifolia是一种心脏保护剂。结论:我们的研究表明,印度药用植物堇叶Tinospora cordifolia具有治疗糖尿病心肌病的能力。我们的研究可以为糖尿病心肌病开辟一种新的草药治疗策略。
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