[Effect of weight gain on the development of gestational diabetes].

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) refers to diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Assessing the weight gain in each pregnant women's appointment is a common task of primary care during their visit. However, the implications of this increase in weight for the development of GDM are unknown.

Objective: Evaluate if the greater than expected weight gain (HEWG) in pregnancy is a risk factor for the development of GDM.

Methods: Analytical, observational, longitudinal, retrolective study, which included pregnant women between 15 and 40 years of age with complete follow-up of the preg-nancy with > 2 prenatal check-ups, somatometry and complete medical history was made. During follow-up, the GPME was determined. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confi-dence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Variables with significance were entered into a multiple logistic regression model (MLR), where the dependent variable was DMG. The sample size calculation was for convenience.

Results: 1000 pregnant women with a median age of 28 years were included. In the MLR The pre-gestational body mass index (BMI) with overweight had an RM of 1.3 (95% CI 0.86-1.98), BMI with obesity an OR of 2.57 (95% CI 1.6-4.14), the HEWG during pregnancy had an OR 1.14 95% CI (0.71-1.81), Age> 30 years shows an RM of 2.24 (95% CI 1.55-3.25).

Conclusions: HEWG during pregnancy is not an independent risk factor for the devel-opment of GDM. The main ones are age> 30 years and pre-gestational obesity.