Homeopathy as patient empowerment and an active path toward supportive care for non-metastatic breast cancer: A qualitative study (TOUCAN)

Abstract

Introduction

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among French women, although the survival rate is increasing thanks to therapy and supportive care. Homeopathy is one of most widely used non-conventional supportive approaches in this context. This article aims to describe the ways women with non-metastatic breast cancer integrate homeopathy as supportive care into their conventional therapy regimen.

Methods

Qualitative semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted using interview guides. They were audio-recorded and first, partially transcribed to elicit emerging themes to revise the interview guide, and later word-for-word for in-depth analysis using Grounded Theory. Sampling, interviewing, transcription and coding occurred iteratively. The study has been reported according to COREQ guidelines.

Results

Fifty people participated: 28 patients, 13 oncologists, 6 homeopaths, 2 gynecologists and 1 nurse. Homeopathy was rarely present in the conventional patient care pathway. Turning to homeopathy was often the patient's initiative. Homeopathy was included to prevent or deal with adverse events from cancer treatments, while attempting to maximize clinical outcomes. Homeopathy was often used early in the care path if the patient had already consulted a homeopath. For others, the fear of chemotherapy triggered an active search for solutions. Homeopathic use was a form of empowerment and engagement, not only limited to patients who habitually used homeopathy. Most patients were treated by a general practitioner specialized in homeopathy, which was acknowledged by their oncologist.

Conclusion

Homeopathy acted as a gateway toward supportive care in tandem with conventional treatment.