Bark beetle (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) outbreak and system of IPM measures in an area affected by intensive forest decline connected with honey fungus (Armillaria sp.)

R. Jakuš
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Abstract

The character of a bark beetle outbreak, planning system, and implementation of IPM measures in a forest affected by intensive decline connected with honey fungus (Armillaria sp.) is described. It is possible to distinguish two levels of outbreak in the study area. The first level is characterized by spruce mortality connected with yellowing of spruce and presence of plant pathogens, mostly Armillaria sp. Forest stands have disperse infestations of bark beetles. Identification of infested trees and salvage cutting in time are problematic. In case of late processing of infested trees, the second level of outbreak could become manifest. The populations of bark beetle increase. Beetles could attack relatively healthy trees. The classical outbreak with forest edges and spot infestations starts. The identification of infested trees is easier. The application of pheromone trap barriers is effective. Thus, the second level of outbreak could be easily managed. The planning of IPM measures is concerned with localization of various pheromone trap systems in particular forest stands. It is based on field survey, data acquisition, estimation of swarming bark beetle population, and information of pheromone system effectiveness.

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在与蜜环菌(Armillaria sp.)有关的森林密集衰退地区,树皮甲虫(鞘翅目,Scolytidae)的爆发和IPM措施体系
介绍了在与蜜环菌(Armillaria sp.)相关的严重衰退影响下,树皮甲虫爆发的特点、规划系统和IPM措施的实施。可以区分研究区域内爆发的两个级别。第一级的特征是云杉的死亡与云杉的黄化和植物病原体的存在有关,主要是蜜环菌。林分中有分散的树皮甲虫侵扰。及时识别受感染的树木和抢救性砍伐是有问题的。如果对受感染的树木进行后期处理,第二级疫情可能会变得明显。树皮甲虫的数量增加了。甲壳虫可以攻击相对健康的树木。典型的爆发始于森林边缘和斑点侵扰。识别受感染的树木更容易。信息素陷阱屏障的应用是有效的。因此,第二级疫情可以很容易地控制。IPM措施的规划涉及在特定林分中定位各种信息素诱捕系统。它是基于实地调查、数据采集、成群树皮甲虫种群估计和信息素系统有效性信息。
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