Cross-sectional associations of weekly time, social context, and motivation of exercise with mental health among workers.

IF 2.6 3区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI:10.1007/s00420-023-02021-3

Kazuhiro Harada, Shuhei Izawa, Nanako Nakamura-Taira, Toru Yoshikawa, Rie Akamatsu, Hiroki Ikeda, Tomohide Kubo

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Abstract

Purpose: Exercise is considered a strategy to promote mental health among workers. However, the optimal exercise conditions that promote mental health benefits for workers are still unclear. This study examined the cross-sectional associations of weekly exercise time duration, social context of exercise, and exercise motivation levels with the mental health among Japanese workers.

Methods: A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 18,902 workers, aged 20-59 years. The mental health variables (psychological distress, psychological stress reaction, physical stress reaction, job satisfaction, and work engagement), exercise participation (non-exercisers, exercisers), and demographic factors of all responders were measured. Weekly exercise time, social context of exercise (alone only, with others only, both alone and with others), and exercise motivation (non-regulation, external/introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrated regulation, and internal regulation) were also measured amongst exercisers. After adjusting for demographic factors, multiple regression analyses were conducted.

Results: Exercisers had significantly lower psychological distress, lower psychological and physical stress reactions, higher job satisfaction, and higher work engagement than non-exercisers. Among exercisers, while weekly exercise time duration and social context of exercise were not clearly and robustly associated with mental health variables, respondents with intrinsic regulation had significantly lower psychological distress, lower psychological and physical stress reaction, higher job satisfaction, and higher work engagement than those with lower self-determined motivations.

Conclusions: This study found that more self-determined exercise motivation is closely associated with advantageous mental health variables, than the duration or the social context of exercise among Japanese workers.

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工作人员每周时间、社会环境和锻炼动机与心理健康的横断面关联。

目的：锻炼被认为是促进员工心理健康的一种策略。然而，促进工人心理健康的最佳锻炼条件仍不清楚。本研究调查了日本工人每周锻炼时间、锻炼的社会背景和锻炼动机水平与心理健康的横断面关联。方法：对18902名年龄在20-59岁之间的工人进行网络横断面问卷调查。测量了所有应答者的心理健康变量（心理困扰、心理压力反应、身体压力反应、工作满意度和工作投入）、锻炼参与度（非锻炼者、锻炼者）和人口统计学因素。还测量了锻炼者的每周锻炼时间、锻炼的社会背景（仅限单独锻炼、仅与他人锻炼、单独锻炼和与他人锻炼）和锻炼动机（非调节、外部/内向调节、确定调节、综合调节和内部调节）。在对人口统计学因素进行调整后，进行了多元回归分析。结果：与不锻炼者相比，锻炼者的心理困扰显著降低，心理和身体压力反应显著降低，工作满意度显著提高，工作投入度显著提高。在锻炼者中，虽然每周锻炼时间和锻炼的社会背景与心理健康变量没有明确而有力的关联，但与那些自我决定动机较低的人相比，具有内在调节的受访者的心理困扰显著较低，心理和身体压力反应较低，工作满意度较高，工作参与度较高。结论：本研究发现，在日本工人中，与运动的持续时间或社会背景相比，更自主的运动动机与有利的心理健康变量密切相关。

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来源期刊

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

6.70%

发文量

127

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health publishes Editorials, Review Articles, Original Articles, and Letters to the Editor. It welcomes any manuscripts dealing with occupational or ambient environmental problems, with a special interest in research at the interface of occupational health and clinical medicine. The scope ranges from Biological Monitoring to Dermatology, from Fibers and Dust to Human Toxicology, from Nanomaterials and Ultra-fine Dust to Night- and Shift Work, from Psycho-mental Distress and Burnout to Vibrations. A complete list of topics can be found on the right-hand side under For authors and editors. In addition, all papers should be based on present-day standards and relate to: -Clinical and epidemiological studies on morbidity and mortality -Clinical epidemiological studies on the parameters relevant to the estimation of health risks -Human experimental studies on environmental health effects. Animal experiments are only acceptable if relevant to pathogenic aspects. -Methods for studying the topics mentioned above.