Variability of precipitation areal reduction factors in the conterminous United States

IF 3.1 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Hydrology X Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI:10.1016/j.hydroa.2020.100064
Shih-Chieh Kao , Scott T. DeNeale , Elena Yegorova , Joseph Kanney , Meredith L. Carr
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Many hydrologic and hydraulic (H&H) engineering applications require spatial rainfall distribution over a watershed, but point precipitation frequency estimates, such as those provided by NOAA Atlas 14, are only applicable for relatively small areas. For larger areas, areal reduction factors (ARFs) are commonly used to transform a point precipitation frequency estimate of a given duration and frequency to a corresponding areal estimate. The most common source of ARFs for the United States is Technical Paper 29 (TP-29), published in 1958, although there have been significant increases in record length and types of available data and several new methods for computing ARFs have been proposed over the last several decades. This study applied up-to-date precipitation data products and analysis methods with a watershed-based approach to investigate factors that affect ARF variabilities, and to compare ARFs across multiple US hydrologic regions. Our overall findings are in line with other recent studies showing that ARFs decrease with increasing area, increase with increasing duration, and decrease with increasing return period. In particular, we found a strong geographical variability across different US hydrologic regions, suggesting that ARF are specific to regional climate patterns and geographical characteristics and should not be applied arbitrarily to other locations. The results also reveal the importance of record length, especially for long return period ARFs. The study demonstrates the need to improve ARFs with new data and methods to support more reliable areal precipitation frequency estimates for H&H applications.

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美国邻近地区降水面积减少因子的变异性
许多水文和水力(H&;H)工程应用需要流域上的空间降雨分布,但点降水频率估计,如NOAA Atlas 14提供的估计,仅适用于相对较小的地区。对于较大的区域,面积折减因子(ARF)通常用于将给定持续时间和频率的点降水频率估计转换为相应的面积估计。美国ARFs最常见的来源是1958年发表的技术论文29(TP-29),尽管在过去几十年中,记录长度和可用数据类型显著增加,并且提出了几种计算ARFs的新方法。本研究将最新的降水数据产品和分析方法与基于流域的方法相结合,以调查影响ARF变化的因素,并比较美国多个水文区域的ARF。我们的总体发现与最近的其他研究一致,这些研究表明ARFs随着面积的增加而减少,随着持续时间的增加而增加,并且随着重现期的增加而降低。特别是,我们发现美国不同水文地区存在强烈的地理变异性,这表明ARF是特定于区域气候模式和地理特征的,不应任意应用于其他地区。研究结果还揭示了记录长度的重要性,尤其是对于长重现期ARF。该研究表明,需要用新的数据和方法来改善ARFs,以支持更可靠的H&;H应用程序。
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来源期刊
Journal of Hydrology X
Journal of Hydrology X Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.50%
发文量
20
审稿时长
25 weeks
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