A. Zubova, O. L. Pikhur, A. Obodovskiy, A. Malyutina, L. Dmitrenko, K. Chugunova, D. Pozdnyakov, V. Bessonov
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study analyzes the earliest known case of surgical extraction of the lower third molars, observed in a cranial series from Pucará de Tilcara fortress (15th–16th centuries AD), northwestern Argentina, excavated in 1908–1910. Crania were transported to the Kunstkamera in 1910 under an exchange project. Traces of dental surgery were registered in the mandible of a male aged ~40. Both third molars had been extracted after the removal of soft tissues and parts of the alveoli. Teeth were extracted by scraping alveolar walls with semicircular movements. The results of scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray microanalysis suggest that a stone tool was used. The results of macroscopic and CT analysis suggest that the surgery was motivated by the exacerbation of chronic periodontal disease and probably by caries. The left third molar was extracted without complications 2–3 months before the individual’s death. On the right side, the pathological process continued, culminating in osteomyelitis and its complications. The surgeon’s skill notwithstanding, the extraction of the right third molar did not cure the patient, who died, apparently following the destructive stage of acute osteomyelitis complicated by orofacial phlegmon. Our findings suggest that the level of dental surgery practiced in the Inca Empire was ahead of the diagnostic expertise.
本研究分析了已知最早的手术摘除下三磨牙的病例,这些病例是在阿根廷西北部pucar de Tilcara要塞(公元15 - 16世纪)出土的1908-1910年的颅骨系列中观察到的。1910年,根据一项交换项目,头盖骨被运送到kunstcamera。在一名年龄约40岁的男性的下颌骨上发现了牙科手术的痕迹。两颗第三磨牙均在切除软组织及部分牙槽后拔除。以半圆形运动刮牙槽壁拔牙。扫描电子显微镜、x射线荧光和x射线显微分析的结果表明,使用的是石器工具。肉眼和CT分析结果提示,手术的动机是慢性牙周病的恶化,可能是龋齿。在患者死亡前2-3个月拔出左第三磨牙,无并发症。在右侧,病理过程继续,最终导致骨髓炎及其并发症。尽管外科医生的技术很好,但右第三磨牙的拔除并没有治愈病人,病人显然是在急性骨髓炎并发口面痰症的破坏性阶段死亡的。我们的研究结果表明,印加帝国的牙科手术水平领先于诊断专业知识。
期刊介绍:
This international journal analyzes and presents research relating to the archaeology, ethnology and anthropology of Eurasia and contiguous regions including the Pacific Rim and the Americas. The journal publishes papers and develops discussions on a wide range of research topics including: Quaternary geology; pleistocene and Holocene paleoecology ; methodology of archaeological, anthropological and ethnographical research, including field and laboratory study techniques; early human migrations; physical anthropology; paleopopulation genetics; prehistoric art; indigenous cultures and ethnocultural processes.