Ultrasound diagnosis of renal arteriovenous malformation in a young adult: An underrecognized cause of recurrent haematuria

Abstract

Renal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) although uncommon are the most underrecognized cause of recurrent haematuria especially in young patients. Although renal AVMs are commonly incidentally detected, life threatening complications such as gross haematuria and AVM rupture have been implicated. Ultrasound is the first line imaging investigation which has a crucial role in treatment planning, post‐procedural, long‐term follow‐up, and assessment of complications associated with renal AVMs. This is a report of a rare case of spontaneous renal AVM in a patient without prior history of renal biopsy or previous trauma. A 26‐year‐old male presented for an ultrasound with recurrent haematuria. This case report highlights the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis, follow‐up and assessment of treatment related complications of renal AVMs.