Histological study of the possible protective action of platelet rich plasma on the injurious effect induced by aluminum chloride on albino male rat cerebellar cortex

Abstract

Background: Aluminum compounds are commonly used in many human activities. They are used in pesticides, detergents, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. Many studies revealed a link between human exposure to aluminum and many neurodegenerative conditions in which there is platelet dysfunction.Aim of the study: The aim of this research was to study the potential protective effect of platelet rich plasma on the deleterious histological effect of aluminum chloride on male rat cerebellar cortex.Materials and methods: In this study, three equal groups of adult male albino rats were used; each consisted of 10 rats: group I a and I b (control group), group II (daily intraperitoneal injection of aluminum chloride dissolved in saline for 60 consecutive days in a dose of 10mg/kg) and group III were given PRP (subcutaneous injection in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg twice weekly) in addition to aluminum chloride in the same previous dose and duration. Cerebellum sections were processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining, GFAB staining and electron microscopic examination.Results: Aluminum chloride administration resulted in many histological alterations. Glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells were significantly present in the cerebellum of aluminum chloride-treated animals relative to control animals. Purkinje cells with darkly stained ill-defined nuclei with dark vacuolated cytoplasm with dilated RER cisterns, swollen mitochondria with destroyed crista were observed in an ultrastructural study for the cerebellar cortex of the aluminum chloride-treated group. It also showed degenerated granule cells with the disappearance of the nuclear membrane and vacuolation of the cytoplasm. Some of the myelinated nerve fibers showed degenerative changes. Concomitant administration of PRP decreased these effects.Conclusion: PRP partially minimized the severity of aluminum chloride-induced cerebellar cortex injurious histological effects in male albino rats. Further research is needed to extend these findings to clinical practice.