Mechanism of Deltamethrin induced Immunotoxicity: Current and Future Perspectives

Abstract

The immune system is the most vulnerable system regarding toxicity of pesticides. Any alteration in the immune functions makes an individual immunocompromised and more susceptible to cancer, infections, autoimmunity and allergies. Deltamethrin is the most popular type 2 pyrethroid insecticide which is widely use in agriculture and home due to restriction on the organophosphate insecticides. Due to their extensive use, it becomes an increasingly serious source of chemical pollution. We all are exposed to deltamethrin through inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact. It has been demonstrated that deltamethrin alters the immune response signalling pathways, but its mechanism of immunotoxicity is still an open question for researchers to be explored. Thus, herein we tried to understand the mechanism of deltamethrin induced immunotoxicity. Possibilities of deltamethrin induced other immunotoxic signalling pathways have also been discussed and should be considered in future studies. Further, current challenges and future perspectives have been also discussed.