從大意與主旨的教學談核心素養的呼應－D. Griffiths學術立場的轉變及其在教育行政學之蘊義

Abstract

「核心素養」是12年課程綱要的重要內涵，係指一個人為適應現在生活及面對未來挑戰，所應具備的知識、能力與態度；特別強調學習不宜以學科知識及技能為限，而應關注學習與生活的結合，透過實踐力行而彰顯學習者的全人發展。語文領域是重要的基礎學科，課文不僅多出自於名家之手，詞句優美、內容豐贍，可供學童學習語言知識；同時包羅萬象的生活情境，更是學童「適應現在生活及面對未來挑戰」的「最好預演」。如能在語文教學時，注意提取大意、歸納主旨之教學，以文章情境旨意呼應核心素養，在具備問題與挑戰的模擬情境之下，協助學童認知、技能與情意綜合表現，對學生核心素養之養成，必有極大助益。國小階段學童正值學習閱讀之階段，進行「摘取大意」時，宜以「一般性的摘要」、「提取式的摘要」為主。讓學生們先熟悉文章內容，再經由老師的逐步引導，慢慢找出重要的句子，並且將之串聯成為流利的短文，讓學童成為作者的「代言人」，濃縮文章精華，以呈現並學習作者之筆觸與風格。提取文章主旨時，則應加以類推，符合學童生活情境，如此既能呼應核心素養的精神，也能讓學生對文章更有感。  ""Core literacy"" is an important connotation of the 12-year syllabus. It refers to the knowledge, ability and attitude that a person should have in order to adapt to the current life and face future challenges. It is especially emphasized that learning should not be limited to subject knowledge and skills, but should be Pay attention to the combination of learning and life, and demonstrate the whole-person development of learners through practice. The field of Chinese is an important basic subject. The texts are not only written by famous experts, but also have beautiful words and sentences and rich content, which can be used for students to learn language knowledge; at the same time, the all-encompassing life situation is the best way for students to ""adapt to the current life and face future challenges"". ""Best preview"". If you can pay attention to the teaching of extracting general ideas and summarizing the main ideas in Chinese teaching, and use the context and purpose of the article to echo the core literacy, and in the simulated situation with problems and challenges, assist students in the comprehensive performance of cognition, skills, and emotions, and have a positive impact on the core literacy of students. Cultivation will be of great help. Elementary school children are at the stage of learning to read, so when doing ""grabbing the general idea"", it is advisable to focus on ""general summaries"" and ""extractive summaries"". Let the students familiarize themselves with the content of the article, and then gradually find out the important sentences through the teacher’s step-by-step guidance, and connect them into a fluent essay, let the students become the ""spokesperson"" of the author, concentrate the essence of the article, and present and learn from the author The touch and style. When extracting the subject of the article, it should be analogized to suit the life situation of the school children, so that it can not only echo the spirit of the core literacy, but also make the students more sensitive to the article.