Antibacterial Activity and GC–MS Based Metabolite Profiles of Indonesian Marine Bacillus

Abstract

Investigating Indonesian marine bacteria producing active compounds is key to finding a cultivable source of marine drugs. Screening the potential strain as well as profiling the active compounds are important steps to identifying the targeted substances. Methods used in this study were isolated some Bacillus strains from several marine environments in Indonesia, evaluated the antibacterial activity, and characterized the secondary metabolite using GC-MS spectroscopy. Several active antimicrobial compounds derived from marine microorganisms were identified using GC-MS such as pyrrolo [1,2-a] pyrazine-1,4-dione, octatriacontyl pentafluoropropionate. We found that some marine bacillus showed antimicrobial activity, such as B. flexus, B. tequilensis, B subtilis, and Bacillus sp. Profiling of metabolites on GC-MS showed the presence of several bioactive compounds in the ethyl acetate extract, which were identified to be nitrogen compounds such as pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, phthalates compounds (butyl isohexyl ester and 1,2 benzendicarboxilate bis (2-etilhexyl) ester), and dibutyl phthalate. Some phenolic compounds also were found, such as tris (2,4-di-ter-butilfenil) fosfat, phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl), and phenol 3,5-bis (1,1-dimethyl ethyl). Finally, fatty acid derivatives such as n-hexadecanoic acid, cis-vaccenic acid, 7-hexadecene, farnesol isomer A, and stigmastan-3,5-diene were also identified in several marine bacillus.