IDH1 Mutation in Gliomas in Baghdad by Immunohistochemical Study

Abstract

IDH1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase 1) mutation might be encounter in the low-grade glioma occurs in early stages of development and directs the progression of the tumor to a higher grade. Aim of the study was to assess the frequency of IDH1 mutation in Iraqi patients with gliomas by immunohistochemical study, to correlate its immunoreactivity with some clinicopathological parameters. The study did on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tumor tissue from 66 patients with different grades of intracranial gliomas of both gender and all age groups in the Baghdad city were collected in this retrospective and prospective randomized study. Ten normal brain tissue samples in form of paraffin blocks took from forensic medicine unit. New technique used, which is manual tissue microarray Immunohistochemical detection of IDH1 antibodies did by Dako autostainer link 48. Positive cytoplasmic IDH1 staining was found in 38 (57.6%) of cases of glioma. In adult gliomas, secondary glioblastoma multiforme, low grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglial tumors had the greatest values of IDH1 positivity (87%, 80% and 72.72% respectively) followed by anaplastic astrocytoma (42%), then primary glioblastoma multiforme (26%). Males and females expressed the IDH1 equally. The conclusions from the work were IDH1 mutation commonly existed in adult gliomas, low-grade gliomas and secondary glioblastoma, it had no role in pediatric gliomas, and it could be a diagnostic and prognostic marker.