Black Humor on the Film Screen: From Folk to Popular Culture

Lada Stevanović
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Abstract

The paper is dealing with the complex phenomenon of black humor. Starting from different definitions about its origin, the author questions its folklore origin in Greek antiquity. Through the prism of the theories of Olga Freidneberg and Michael Bakhtin, parody and/or carneval appear as a worldview contrary and at the same time parallel to the serious, official, hierarchical order. Exactly this image of the world, and conceptualization of death on its grounds, lead in ancient Greece to the appearance of the theatre and comedy, that is regarded to be the predecessor of black film comedies. Pointing out the intertwinement of laughter and death, as well as the existence of black humor in the Greek antiquity, the author also deals with interesting connection between film black comedies and Serbian performative ritual games with motives of death and the dead. Such motives and the atmosphere that they provoke are easily recognized in the Serbian black comedies. As an example, i.e. a case study is taken the film Marathon Family. Apart from that, the paper offers an insight into the theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of black humor in literature and film, which opens the space to trace two more intertwined paths of influence on the mentioned black comedies. One path is literary and goes back to comedies by Branislav Nušić - The bereaved family and The deceased, while the other leads to the whole genre of films with the dark humour that has developed since the 1960s in Europe and the USA.  In spite of the undoubtable influences, the short insight into the subgenres of dark humour in the mentioned films reveals the specificity of the black humor in the Serbian cinematography that might be related to folk humoristic games with the motive of death.
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电影银幕上的黑色幽默:从民间到大众文化
本文研究的是黑色幽默的复杂现象。从对其起源的不同定义出发,对其在希腊古代的民间传说起源提出了质疑。通过Olga Freidneberg和Michael Bakhtin理论的棱镜,戏仿和/或狂欢作为一种世界观出现,与严肃的、官方的、等级秩序相反,同时又平行。正是这种世界的形象,以及以此为基础的死亡概念,导致了古希腊戏剧和喜剧的出现,这被认为是黑色电影喜剧的前身。作者指出了笑声与死亡的交织,以及黑色幽默在希腊古代的存在,并探讨了电影黑色喜剧与塞尔维亚以死亡和死者为动机的表演仪式游戏之间的有趣联系。在塞尔维亚的黑色喜剧中很容易看出这种动机和气氛。以电影《马拉松家族》为例进行个案研究。除此之外,本文还提供了对文学和电影中黑色幽默现象的理论方法的见解,这为追踪对上述黑色喜剧的影响的两条相互交织的路径开辟了空间。一条道路是文学,可以追溯到布拉尼斯拉夫Nušić的喜剧-失去亲人的家庭和死者,而另一条则是自20世纪60年代以来在欧洲和美国发展起来的带有黑色幽默的整个电影类型。尽管受到了毋庸置疑的影响,但对上述电影中黑色幽默子类型的简短洞察揭示了塞尔维亚电影中黑色幽默的特殊性,这可能与以死亡为动机的民间幽默游戏有关。
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自引率
50.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
10 weeks
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