Conscientious objection in Scientific Ethics and its relationship with ideology, religion and laws

Bioethics Update Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI:10.1016/j.bioet.2017.06.002

Carlos Y. Valenzuela

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Conscientious objection (CO) is the refusal to obey laws due to moral, religious or belief principles. The ideologies or religions underlying laws or constitutions have been seldom analyzed. Scientific Ethics finds that constitutions and laws have implicit or explicit ideological elements that are imposed on citizens, and denies or forbids others that lead citizens to CO. Ideological analysis is critical for laws that violate other rights, moral or ethical principles that are accepted by everyone and aggressions to humans or animals. CO is critically different in the cases of military service, abortion (killing fetuses), vaccination or tax payments. In the case of abortion the commandment is to kill a fetus in certain conditions; but to kill human beings contradicts the medical foundations and most religions or ideologies. Constitutions and laws should respect the ideologies or religions of that people so citizens can express and live his or her ideology without contradiction or CO. A law on abortion should provide centers of abortion served by professionals that share that ideology; this would avoid CO.

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科学伦理学中的良心反对及其与意识形态、宗教和法律的关系

良心反对(CO)是由于道德、宗教或信仰原则而拒绝遵守法律。法律或宪法背后的意识形态或宗教很少被分析。科学伦理学认为，宪法和法律中有或明或暗的强加于公民的意识形态因素，并否认或禁止导致公民行为的其他因素。意识形态分析对于侵犯其他权利的法律、每个人都接受的道德或伦理原则以及对人类或动物的侵犯至关重要。在服兵役、堕胎(杀死胎儿)、接种疫苗或纳税的情况下，《民事诉讼法》是截然不同的。在堕胎的情况下，戒律是在某些情况下杀死胎儿;但杀人与医学基础和大多数宗教或意识形态相矛盾。宪法和法律应该尊重人们的意识形态或宗教信仰，这样公民就可以在没有矛盾或抵触的情况下表达和生活他或她的意识形态。关于堕胎的法律应该提供由分享这种意识形态的专业人员服务的堕胎中心;这将避免CO。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Bioethics Update

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