Prevalence and Determinants of Anemia among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic at Maternity and Children Hospital in Makkah City in September 2019

Abstract

Background: Anemia among pregnant women is one of the most common public health problems in developing countries. World health organization (WHO) estimates shows nearly half of pregnant women were affected by anemia. It significantly increases fetal and maternal mortality and morbidity due to maternal vulnerability for infection and hemorrhage. Identify determinant factors of anemia among pregnant women in “Prevalence and determinants of anemia in third trimester. It is one of the most common preventable causes of maternal morbidities ranging from 22.6% to 54.0%. However, the prevalence and determinants that contribute to the occurrence of anemia were not extensively studied. Aim of the study: To evaluate the anemia and its determinants among pregnant women attending ANC at MCH in makkah city September 2019. To increase awareness of anemia during pregnancy and its adverse effects on the maternal and fetal outcomes. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted MCH in one of the most important cities in Saudi Arabia, which is Makkah. Sample population was pregnant women attending ANC in MCH in makkah city. Our total participants were (310) pregnant women. Results: The following variables were significantly associated with anemia: Age were (OR=0.333), Nationality status were (OR=1.830), Occupational status were (OR=0.649), Gestational age were (OR=0.580), History of drinking tea immediately after main meals (OR=0.557), Eating green vegetables were (OR=1.525), Eating animal products were (OR=1.651), Gravidity were (OR=2.192). Conclusion: Anemia is still a significant problem facing pregnant women and jeopardizing their outcomes. Diet during pregnancy, consuming tea/coffee immediately after food, meat consumption, previous heavy menstrual blood flow, and occupational status of women were significant factors associated with anemia among pregnant women so, it is recommended to increase the efforts toward the health education of women in childbearing age.