PreparasiI Katalis Nanomaterial dari Cangkang Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa Linn) untuk Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Jelantah dengan Menggunakan Microwave

Abstract

The benefit of blood shell waste include being used as a catalyst for biodiesel production. This research aims at finding the characteristics of catalysts made of Journal of Chemical Process Engineering e-ISSN Number 2655 2967 9 the blood clamshells. The research applies the methods of esterification and Transesterification by using the microwave and the used cooking oil. The result of the research indicates that (1) based on the XRD analysis results it is known that the main peak of the angle phase of 30 in 34.10 degree shows that the obtained compound is the Hydroxide Calcium (Ca(OH)2) . Besides that the peak of angle diffraction of 2θ on 64.20 ̊ indicates the existence of a calcium oxide compound. The result of SEM points out the shells of the blood clams as the result of calcination have an ununiformed shapes and some of them are aggregated based on the Sherrer equation which produces average crystal sizes of 23.77 nm. The biodiesel fuel produced through the process of blood clamshell catalyst contains the density of 0.89 g/ml, viscosity of 4.05 mm /s, acid density of 0.21 Mg KOH/g and total glycerol as much as 0.27%. The mass with maximum time of biodiesel production is on the minute of 15 with 3%wt/wt of concentration with the oil moll and methanol ration of 1:12.