Bacteriological profile and drug sensitivity patterns in chronic suppurative otitis media patients at J. L. N. Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh State, India

Abstract

Objective: To isolate and identify various bacterial pathogens in positive ear swab cultures of CSOM cases and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of different bacterial species identified.  Study design: Prospective study  Setting: J. L. N. Hospital & Research Centre, Bhilai (C.G). Materials and Method: The study was done on the population of Bhilai and surrounding region. A sample size of 120 cases attending the ENT OPD with the diagnosis of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media and active ear discharge were included in the study. Detailed history, general physical examination, local systemic examination was done along with aural swab for Gram’s staining and aerobic bacterial culture and drug sensitivity . The data were then compared with the relevant & available literature. Results: Most of the patients were in the age group of 11-20 years (38.33%), followed by 21-30 years age group (31.67%). More males (60%) were affected by the disease than females (40%). Unilateral (59.16%) infection was more common than bilateral (40.83%). Incidence of monobacterial (90%) etiology was more common than polymicrobial (9.1%). Staphylococcus aureus 67 (51.53%) was the most commonly isolated bacteria followed by the Pseudomonas 26 (20%). Antibiogram showed the most effective drugs in the present study are clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, chloramphenicol and ceftazidime Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen isolated, followed by Pseudomonas. Clindamycin was the most effective antibiotic followed by cotrimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, amikacin, chloramphenicol and ceftazidime. Antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms varies according to geographical area and local practice regarding the choice of antibiotics. A continuous and periodic evaluation of microbiological pattern and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in local area is helpful in prescribing empirical antibiotics for successful treatment of otitis media and thus minimi