Polysomnogram in children with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis

Abstract

Background An adequate amount and quality of sleep is essential for normal growth, development, and overall health of children. Sleep disorders (SD) are important but often overlooked health problem in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Aim To detect types of SD in children with CKD on regular hemodialysis based on polysomnogram findings and to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire Arabic version. Patients and methods This study was conducted in the Pediatric Department, Al Zahraa Hospital, Al Azhar University, on 50 children (25 children with CKD on regular hemodialysis and 25 age-matched and sex-matched controls). Polysomnogram and Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire Arabic version were done, and data were analyzed for correlation. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in hemodialysis group in minimum oxygen saturation, heart rate, sleep efficacy %, and sleep stages than controls. There was a significant increase in SD in hemodialysis group than in controls regarding respiratory problems (52 and 4%, respectively), hypopnea (48 and 0%, respectively), snoring (40 and 8%, respectively), obstructive apnea (36 and 4%, respectively), and insomnia (32 and 4%, respectively). Conclusion SD are very common in children on regular dialysis compared with controls. Respiratory problems and hypopnea are the most significant SD associated with children with CKD. Snoring, obstructive apnea, and insomnia are also more significant but less than respiratory problems. Early recognition and treatment of SD may have a positive effect on the growth and development of children with CKD.