Urgent Reforms Taking Their Time in the Republic of Macedonia

Abstract

Since 2001, the Republic of Macedonia had gone through several waves of international and national actions, which resulted in requests of the international community, primarily by the European Union, for systemic reform processes. The first wave came with the Ohrid Agreement, which brought armed ethnic-based conflict to an end. The second one emerged due to the usual association and accession commitments of a candidate state since 2005 and implementation of the Road Map for Visa Liberalisation between February 2008 and July 2009. The third wave came out of a severe political crisis in 2015, which had revealed a series of systemic and democratic deficiencies – from illegal interception of communications and political pressure against the judiciary, to violations of media freedoms and principles of fair elections. In June 2015, a Senior Expert’s Group summarised a set of recommendations for the European Commissions in a document titled: Urgent Reform Priorities for the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. This paper analyzes Macedonian slow path of reforms, affected by deficient inter-ethnic confidence, political tensions, decentralisation, administrative and political culture in the Macedonia and shortcomings within the of the rule of law.