Effects of Carbonization Parameters on the COD Reduction of Rhodamine B Dye Aqueous Solutions Using Elaeis guineensis Frond Fiber

Abstract

A B S T R A C T The effects of various carbonization parameters on the COD reduction of Rhodamine B dye aqueous solutions using carbonized Elaeis guineensis frond fiber (EGFF) chars have been studied experimentally. The adsorbent with the particle size of <45 µm has been carbonized at temperature from 500-900 o C with carbonization duration of 1-3 h at a heating rate of 10-30 o C/min and nitrogen gas flow rate of 100-500 cm 3 /min. Carbonization temperature, carbonization duration, heating rate and nitrogen gas flow rate were significantly affecting the carbonization process. Statistical analysisresponse surface methodology (RSM)- face centered composite design (FCCD) was used to obtain the optimal carbonization conditions. The optimum condition for carbonization of EGFF was obtained at carbonization temperature of 899 o C, carbonization duration of 2.7 h, heating rate of 10 o C/min, and nitrogen flow rate of 243 cm3/min with 98.88 % of COD reduction of Rhodamine B