Prevalence of precancerous lesions among positive HIV women in the hospital complex and University of Yaounde (Cameroun)

Abstract

In the year 2000, a wide campaign of screening and treatment of the dysplastic lesions of the cervix was initiated in Cameroun. The precancerous lesions of the cervix are the most important demonstration of gynecological infection by the AIDS. As these lesions remain little documented in Cameroun, we carried out a study which the goal was to determine the prevalence of the precancerous lesions among positive AIDS women. It is about a descriptive study with a retrospective collection of data carried out between 2010 and 2016 among 253 positive AIDS women having carried out a consultation in the Hospital complex and University of Yaounde aged from 18 to 80 years. The analysis of the data was essentially carried on: the age, clinical Factors data of risk of the precancerous lesions, anatomo-pathological search of precancerous lesion. AIDS status and/or the catch the antiretroviral one. The Software SPSS was used for the analysis of data. The test of Chi2 for the comparison of the variables. A variable was considered significant if P<0,05. 53 women presented precancerous lesions i.e. 20,94%. The lesions were in 92% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of low rank and in 8% of the squamous lesions with intra epithelial of high rank. 22 women (38%) were aged between 36 and 45 years; 22 women (40%) were housewives; 18 women (31%) were single people; 36 women (67%) were multipares; 45 women (85%) did not smoke; 33 women (62%) had a peak of CD4 located between 500-1000/mm3;14 women (26%) did not have opportunist diseases 10 women (19%) had the zona, 8 women (15%) of tuberculosis and 9 women (17%) suffered from HTA. Because of the high potential risk of precancerous lesions in our population of study, we recommend a regular clinical follow-up of the patients presenting high factors of risk, and a widened access to antiretroviral.