Effects of Different Irrigation Levels and Fertilizer Rates on Yield, Yield Components and Water Productivity of Onion at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center

Anbese Ambomsa, Dulo Husen, Zelalem Shelemew, Ayub Jalde
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Abstract

: Today’s agriculture sector faces a complex series of challenges to cope with the demands for sustainable management and production, which entails an increase in food production to ensure food security while using less water per unit of output and reducing nitrogen (N) fertilizer losses through leaching. The experiment was conducted at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center on-station to study the effect of different irrigation levels and N-fertilizer rates on plant height, bulb yield, bulb diameter, and bulb height and water productivity of onion. The treatments of the experiment had factorial combinations of three levels of watering and four N-fertilizer amounts. Results indicated that the highest plant height (53.07 cm), bulb height (6.13 cm), bulb diameter (6.21 cm), marketable bulb yield (241.39 qt/ha) and total bulb yield (252.89 qt/ha) were obtained from full irrigation and fully N-fertilized compared to the deficit conditions. The highest water productivity was recorded from 60% ETc irrigation level and 150 Kg/ha N-fertilizer application rate, but the reduction in water productivity with 80% ETc and 150 Kg/ha N-fertilizer application rate was not significant. Hence, if water is not limiting factor, 100% ETc irrigation level and 150 Kg/ha N-fertilizer could be suggested to apply. But if water becomes 232 limiting factor, 80% ETc irrigation level with 150 Kg/ha N-fertilizer would be more appropriate for growing onion in the study area. Therefore these can be used as one package of onion production technology and all growers better to apply.
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阿达米图鲁农业研究中心不同灌溉水平和施肥量对洋葱产量、产量构成及水分生产力的影响
当今的农业部门面临着一系列复杂的挑战,以应对可持续管理和生产的需求,这需要增加粮食产量以确保粮食安全,同时减少单位产量用水,并减少因淋溶而造成的氮肥损失。本试验在阿达米图鲁农业研究中心进行,研究了不同灌溉水平和施氮量对洋葱株高、鳞茎产量、鳞茎直径、鳞茎高和水分生产力的影响。试验处理为3个水平的浇水和4个量的氮肥的因子组合。结果表明,与亏缺条件相比,全施氮和全灌条件下植株高(53.07 cm)、球茎高(6.13 cm)、球茎直径(6.21 cm)、可销球茎产量(241.39 qt/ha)和总球茎产量(252.89 qt/ha)最高。60% ETc灌溉水平和150 Kg/ hm2施氮量时水分生产力最高,而80% ETc和150 Kg/ hm2施氮量对水分生产力的影响不显著。因此,如果水分不是限制因素,建议施用100% ETc灌溉水平和150 Kg/ hm2氮肥。但当水分成为232限制因素时,研究区以80% ETc灌溉水平和150 Kg/ hm2氮肥为宜。因此,这些都可以作为一个包洋葱生产技术和所有种植者更好地应用。
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