Co-occurence of risky driving behaviours and associations with seatbelt and helmet use - a descriptive cross-sectional study among young adults

G. Kritsotakis, M. Papadakaki, Raymond Tumwesigye
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background: Greece exhibits one of the highest rates of deaths and injuries due to motor vehicle crashes in young adults in Europe. The personal, social and financial cost is still very high as road traffic crashes account for 65.8% of all deaths among young people aged 10-24 years, with prominent gender differences that are not fully explained yet.  Methods: using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, we examined the associations of seatbelt and helmet use with the likelihood of manifesting multiple driving violations (fail to stop at STOP signs, running red traffic lights, driving towards the wrong direction, illegal overtaking, speeding, cellphone use while driving, driving under the influence of alcohol) in a sample of 536 1st year university students in Greece. A ‘Risky Driving Index’ score (RDI) was produced by summing the frequencies of all behaviours (range 0-28).  Results: only 8.8% of the students reported not performing any of the driving violations, whereas 8.6% engaged in all 7 of them when driving (male: 11.5%; female: 1.9%; score>8, male: 31.7%; female: 8.1%). Male, but not female participants, who never used seatbelts and helmets, reported significantly higher RDI scores with evidence of a dose-response effect in the increase. In adjusted logistic regression models, those who never used (vs regular use) seat belt ‘as drivers’ and ‘as rear seat passengers’ had increased odds of being in the higher score category of RDI (OR=5.239 95%CI=1.280-21.441 and OR=6.782 95%CI=1.891-24.324, respectively).  Conclusion: young male drivers and riders, but not their female counterparts, that do not take typical safety measures (seatbelt and helmet use), reported more illegal and risky driving behaviours. Preventive interventions using a gender-informed approach are needed to address co-occurring risk driving behaviours.   
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危险驾驶行为的共同发生以及与安全带和头盔使用的关联——一项针对年轻人的描述性横断面研究
背景:希腊是欧洲年轻人因机动车碰撞死亡和受伤比例最高的国家之一。个人、社会和经济成本仍然很高,因为道路交通事故占10-24岁年轻人死亡总数的65.8%,其中性别差异突出,尚未得到充分解释。方法:采用描述性横断面研究设计,我们以536名希腊一年级大学生为样本,研究了安全带和头盔的使用与多种驾驶违规行为(未在停止标志前停车、闯红灯、朝错误方向行驶、非法超车、超速、开车时使用手机、酒后驾驶)的可能性之间的关系。“危险驾驶指数”得分(RDI)是通过将所有行为的频率(范围0-28)相加得出的。结果:只有8.8%的学生报告没有违反任何一项驾驶规则,而8.6%的学生在驾驶时违反了所有7项驾驶规则(男性:11.5%;女:1.9%;得分>8分,男性占31.7%;女:8.1%)。从不使用安全带和头盔的男性参与者报告的RDI得分显著高于女性参与者,这是剂量反应效应增加的证据。在调整后的logistic回归模型中,那些从不使用安全带(与经常使用安全带相比)的“作为司机”和“作为后排乘客”的人在RDI得分较高的类别中的几率增加(OR=5.239 95%CI=1.280-21.441和OR=6.782 95%CI=1.891-24.324)。结论:没有采取典型安全措施(安全带和头盔的使用)的年轻男性司机和乘客报告了更多的非法和危险驾驶行为,而不是他们的女性同行。需要采用性别知情方法的预防性干预措施,以解决同时发生的风险驱动行为。
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Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health
Epidemiology Biostatistics and Public Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
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期刊介绍: Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Public Health (EBPH) is a multidisciplinary journal that has two broad aims: -To support the international public health community with publications on health service research, health care management, health policy, and health economics. -To strengthen the evidences on effective preventive interventions. -To advance public health methods, including biostatistics and epidemiology. EBPH welcomes submissions on all public health issues (including topics like eHealth, big data, personalized prevention, epidemiology and risk factors of chronic and infectious diseases); on basic and applied research in epidemiology; and in biostatistics methodology. Primary studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses are all welcome, as are research protocols for observational and experimental studies. EBPH aims to be a cross-discipline, international forum for scientific integration and evidence-based policymaking, combining the methodological aspects of epidemiology, biostatistics, and public health research with their practical applications.
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