New in the Professional Mobility of Kazakhstan Scientists as an Element of Scientific Activity and a Way to Survive

Abstract

Intellectual mobility is seen as a specific form of professional mobility, reflecting the unity of scientific knowledge development and changes in social conditions. External and internal professional mobility of scientific personnel (geography, duration of stay abroad, mechanisms and purposes of departure) between organizations, sectors, regions and countries is an adequate means of transfer of knowledge and technology, ahead of the development of scientific and production cooperation. In this case, by academic mobility of scientific personnel we mean a change of place of work for scientists without changing their scientific sphere of activity, their temporary transfer for the purpose of participation in research projects and networks. Professional development and retraining is an integral form of existence of scientists, reflecting their internal development needs (including the desire to solve their financial problems). The social experience gained has always had a strong impact on the further development of their professional and research careers. Professional mobility causes quantitative and qualitative changes - there is a transformation of science, a measure of the saturation of human resources in a particular scientific direction.