To study the conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy and its causes

Dr. Harish R, Dr. Hari Prasath, Dr. Abdul Majeed
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Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has replaced open cholecystectomy as the preferred treatment for symptomatic gallbladder stones. However, a certain percentage of laparoscopic cases require conversion to open surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the conversion rate and identify the factors associated with this conversion. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis at a medical college and hospital over a 12 month period. Demographic data, clinical details, laboratory investigations, surgical indications, and intraoperative findings were collected and analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 50 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 44.26 years, with the majority in the 41-50 age group. Females constituted 70% of the cases. Higher BMI, male gender, the presence of diabetes, and a thickened gallbladder wall were identified as factors associated with an increased risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy. The overall conversion rate was 10%, with adhesions and bleeding being the main reasons for conversion. Conclusion: This retrospective study provides insights into the conversion rate and associated factors in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Male gender, higher BMI, the presence of diabetes, and a thickened gallbladder wall were found to increase the likelihood of conversion to open surgery. These findings highlight the importance of careful patient selection, preoperative assessment, and informed consent discussions to optimize surgical outcomes and minimize the need for open procedures. Further research with larger sample sizes is recommended to validate these findings.
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目的:探讨腹腔镜胆囊切除术对开腹胆囊切除术的转换率及其原因
背景:腹腔镜胆囊切除术已取代开腹胆囊切除术成为治疗症状性胆囊结石的首选方法。然而,一定比例的腹腔镜病例需要转为开放手术。本研究旨在评估转化率,并确定与此转化率相关的因素。方法:回顾性分析我院12个月以上行腹腔镜胆囊切除术治疗胆石症患者的资料。收集和分析了人口统计资料、临床细节、实验室调查、手术指征和术中发现。采用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果:共纳入50例患者。平均年龄44.26岁,以41-50岁年龄组居多。女性占70%。较高的BMI、男性、糖尿病和胆囊壁增厚被认为是转换为开放式胆囊切除术风险增加的相关因素。总转换率为10%,粘连和出血是转换率的主要原因。结论:本回顾性研究为腹腔镜胆囊切除术的转换率及相关因素提供了新的见解。研究发现,男性、较高的BMI、糖尿病患者和胆囊壁增厚会增加转向开放式手术的可能性。这些发现强调了仔细选择患者、术前评估和知情同意讨论的重要性,以优化手术结果并最大限度地减少开放手术的需要。建议采用更大样本量的进一步研究来验证这些发现。
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