SEXUAL OFFENCES IN POLAND IN A STATISTICAL PERSPECTIVE – SELECTED ISSUES

IF 0.4 Q3 LAW Air & Space Law Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI:10.18372/2307-9061.63.16730
Piotr Poniatowski
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Abstract

Purpose: to analyse selected statistical data on final convictions for sexual offences in Poland. Methods: a statistical method was used to analyse data on the number of final convictions and the types of penalties imposed. Results: convictions for sexual offences in Poland represent a small proportion of convictions for all offences in recent years. In 2018, the highest number of convictions among sexual offences concerned the offence of rape (Article 197 of the Polish Penal Code) and sexual acts with a minor under the age of 15 (Article 200 § 1 of the Polish Penal Code – the so-called offence of paedophilia). The indicated sexual offences are in most cases punished with imprisonment, while in 2018 these were mainly imprisonment penalties without conditional suspension of their execution (absolute imprisonment). These penalties in 2018 in most cases did not exceed half of the upper level of the statutory limits of the penalty, and were often adjudicated at the minimum level. Discussion: taking into account statistics on convictions for sexual offences, one may come to the conclusion that the threat of such acts is quite low in Poland. However, it should be remembered that sexual crime is stigmatized by a very large so-called ‘dark number’ (comitted crimes that are not covered by crime statistics because they are not been disclosed by law enforcement authorities). The majority of convictions concern the most reprehensible sexual offences (rape, paedophilia). It is worth noting that Polish courts are quite lenient towards perpetrators of the indicated crimes.
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从统计角度看波兰的性犯罪——选择问题
目的:分析波兰性犯罪最后定罪的选定统计数据。方法:采用统计方法分析有关最终定罪数量和所施加处罚类型的数据。结果:近年来,波兰对性犯罪的定罪只占所有犯罪定罪的一小部分。2018年,性犯罪中定罪数量最多的是强奸罪(《波兰刑法》第197条)和与15岁以下未成年人发生性行为(《波兰刑法》第200条第1款——即所谓的恋童癖罪)。上述性犯罪在大多数情况下被判处监禁,而在2018年,这些主要是监禁,没有条件暂停执行(绝对监禁)。2018年的这些处罚在大多数情况下不超过法定处罚上限的一半,而且往往是最低限度的判决。讨论:考虑到对性犯罪定罪的统计数字,人们可能会得出结论,在波兰,这种行为的威胁相当低。然而,应该记住的是,性犯罪是被一个非常大的所谓的“黑暗数字”所污名化的(犯下的罪行不包括在犯罪统计中,因为它们没有被执法当局披露)。大多数定罪涉及最应受谴责的性犯罪(强奸、恋童癖)。值得注意的是,波兰法院对上述罪行的犯罪者相当宽大。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
50.00%
发文量
21
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