Capture from the wild has long-term costs on reproductive success in Asian elephants

M. Lahdenperä, John Jackson, W. Htut, V. Lummaa
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引用次数: 10

Abstract

Capturing wild animals is common for conservation, economic or research purposes. Understanding how capture itself affects lifetime fitness measures is often difficult because wild and captive populations live in very different environments and there is a need for long-term life-history data. Here, we show how wild capture influences reproduction in 2685 female Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) used in the timber industry in Myanmar. Wild-caught females demonstrated a consistent reduction in breeding success relative to captive-born females, with significantly lower lifetime reproduction probabilities, lower breeding probabilities at peak reproductive ages and a later age of first reproduction. Furthermore, these negative effects lasted for over a decade, and there was a significant influence on the next generation: wild-caught females had calves with reduced survival to age 5. Our results suggest that wild capture has long-term consequences for reproduction, which is important not only for elephants, but also for other species in captivity.
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从野外捕获亚洲象会对亚洲象的繁殖成功率造成长期影响
出于保护、经济或研究目的,捕捉野生动物是很常见的。由于野生种群和圈养种群生活在非常不同的环境中,需要长期的生活史数据,因此了解捕获本身如何影响终生健康测量通常是困难的。在这里,我们展示了野生捕获如何影响缅甸木材工业中使用的2685头雌性亚洲象(大象maximus)的繁殖。与圈养雌鱼相比,野生雌鱼的繁殖成功率持续下降,其终生繁殖概率明显较低,繁殖高峰年龄和首次繁殖年龄较晚的繁殖概率较低。此外,这些负面影响持续了十多年,并对下一代产生了重大影响:野生捕获的雌性小牛的存活率降低到5岁。我们的研究结果表明,野生捕获对繁殖有长期影响,这不仅对大象很重要,对其他圈养物种也很重要。
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