Unique Underbalanced Perforating Technique Reveals Unexpected Remaining Oil in Shut-In Wells in Libya

Ozgur Karacali, Khaled Hassan Elhassi, B. Theuveny, Abdunnaser Ali Y Elmashergai, Anis Lotfi El Gihani, Abdelaziz Zorgane
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Abstract

The fundamental objective of well perforating is to launch an optimum wellbore to reservoir communication. Unfortunately, not all perforating jobs deliver ideal communication quality. In this paper the rudiments of apposite perforating operations, from data integration and job design to safe implementation, are summarized to produce practical guidelines for high productivity perforating jobs. Reviving oil production in mature fields is a major challenge around the globe. In Libya, there are several mature oil and gas fields that requires production enhancement. In some of these fields the challenge was to come up with a methodology that improves the oil production with minimal well intervention while testing the wells in a much quicker way than the conventional wireline conveyed perforating, well kill, swab, and test techniques. Producing zones in Libyan oil fields have lost productivity over the years due to various activities associated with workover operations. Damage was mainly caused by existence of high salinity formation water and unfiltered brine usage to kill or control the wells. Research has proven that wellbore dynamics have a substantial impact on the success of perforating activities during this very high-paced and short-lived event. We have used a technique that combines the static and the dynamic underbalanced perforating techniques to ultimately improve the hydrocarbon production in such mature fields. Advanced downhole gun and charge system designs and downhole tools are combined to enhance oil production. Debris, scale, and crushed rock removal from the perforation tunnels by applying static underbalanced perforating techniques works very successfully in many cases. Numerous field examples and research have also shown that dynamic underbalance can greatly enhance the tunnel clean up and well productivity. In this paper we are showing that combining static and dynamic underbalanced perforating ensures the optimum perforation tunnel structure. We have applied this technique on numerous wells for the purposes of perforating and re-perforating. Several wells were reperforated to improve the well to reservoir communication quality of existing plugged and damaged perforating zones. In most of the cases new perforating intervals were also added based on production logging and reservoir saturation log results. We have gained extraordinary oil production for several wells. This methodology with improved design increased oil production more than 400% in some wells. Results of this study are presented in an easy to follow way to ensure learnings are passed on to the industry for achieving improved results elsewhere. The techniques outlined in this paper will permit enhanced perforation designs via utilizing available software packages in challenging environments where conventional approaches can be inadequate. The methodology described in this paper is unique in terms of combining the existing techniques in an accessible way.
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独特的欠平衡射孔技术在利比亚关井中发现了意想不到的剩余油
射孔的基本目标是实现最佳的井筒与油藏连通。不幸的是,并非所有射孔作业都能提供理想的通信质量。本文总结了从数据集成、作业设计到安全实施等相关射孔作业的基本原理,为高效射孔作业提供实用指导。在全球范围内,恢复成熟油田的石油产量是一个重大挑战。在利比亚,有几个成熟的油气田需要提高产量。在其中的一些油田中,挑战在于找到一种方法,既能以最少的油井干预提高产油量,又能以比传统电缆传输射孔、压井、抽汲和测试技术更快的方式进行测试。多年来,由于与修井作业相关的各种活动,利比亚油田的生产区域已经失去了生产力。造成损害的主要原因是地层水含盐量高,使用未过滤的盐水压井或控制井。研究已经证明,在这种快节奏、短时间的射孔活动中,井筒动态对射孔活动的成功与否有重大影响。我们采用了一种结合静态和动态欠平衡射孔技术的技术,最终提高了这些成熟油田的油气产量。先进的井下射孔枪和装药系统设计与井下工具相结合,提高了石油产量。在许多情况下,应用静态欠平衡射孔技术清除射孔隧道中的碎屑、水垢和碎石非常成功。大量的现场实例和研究也表明,动态欠平衡可以大大提高隧道的清洁度和井的产能。静态欠平衡射孔与动态欠平衡射孔相结合,保证了射孔孔洞结构的优化。我们已经将该技术应用于许多井,用于射孔和再射孔。为了改善现有堵塞和受损射孔区的井与储层的连通质量,对几口井进行了重新射孔。在大多数情况下,还会根据生产测井和储层饱和度测井结果增加新的射孔段。我们有几口井获得了非凡的石油产量。这种改进设计的方法使一些井的产油量提高了400%以上。本研究的结果以一种易于理解的方式呈现,以确保将学习成果传递给行业,从而在其他地方取得更好的结果。本文概述的技术将通过利用可用的软件包,在传统方法无法胜任的具有挑战性的环境中增强射孔设计。本文中描述的方法在以一种可访问的方式结合现有技术方面是独一无二的。
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