Moral hazard in Sudan’s ‘Two Areas’ – humanitarianism that perpetuates civil war

IF 1.1 Q3 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Conflict Security & Development Pub Date : 2022-01-02 DOI:10.1080/14678802.2022.2034367
A. Kuperman
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Abstract

ABSTRACT This article examines how the conflict since 2011 in Sudan’s ‘Two Areas’, the states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile, has been prolonged by a well-intentioned but counter-productive international response. The United States and other western countries, motivated by humanitarianism, imposed sanctions against Sudan’s regime and provided aid to rebel regions. This western response was fostered partially by disinformation – about the genesis of the conflict, the regime’s use of force, and the causes and extent of the humanitarian crisis. Western support incentivized the rebels to perpetuate their hopeless military campaign, which prolonged the displacement of an estimated one-third of civilians in the Two Areas. Only after the United States lifted some sanctions in 2017, and a popular revolution overthrew the regime in 2019, did U.S. officials belatedly identify rebel leader Abdelaziz al-Hilu as an obstacle to peace. The article concludes with lessons for ending the conflict in Sudan’s Two Areas and mitigating such civil wars elsewhere.
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苏丹“两个地区”的道德风险——使内战持续的人道主义
本文探讨了自2011年以来,苏丹“两个地区”(南科尔多凡州和青尼罗州)的冲突是如何被善意但适得其反的国际反应所延长的。美国和其他西方国家出于人道主义的动机,对苏丹政权实施制裁,并向反叛地区提供援助。西方的这种反应部分是由虚假信息促成的——关于冲突的起源、叙利亚政权使用武力、人道主义危机的原因和程度。西方的支持鼓励叛军继续他们毫无希望的军事行动,这延长了这两个地区大约三分之一的平民流离失所的时间。直到2017年美国取消了部分制裁,2019年一场民众革命推翻了该政权,美国官员才姗姗姗姗来地将反对派领导人阿卜杜勒-阿齐兹·希卢(Abdelaziz al-Hilu)认定为和平的障碍。文章最后总结了结束苏丹“两区”冲突和缓解其他地区类似内战的经验教训。
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来源期刊
Conflict Security & Development
Conflict Security & Development INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
7.70%
发文量
22
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