RELATED REGULATION OF BIOGAS SUPPLIES AND METHANE IN A GAS ENGINE

А.А. Lisoval
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Abstract

The results of experimental researches were received on a gas-electric installation with a rated power of 30 kW at 1500 rpm. The spark-ignited petrol drive engine (8-cylinder, 100 mm cylinder diameter, 88 mm stroke) was converted to a pure gas one. The compression ratio of 8.5 did not change. The gas fuel supply system consists of a supply line and an emergency shut-off circuit. The natural gas supply line was connected to the domestic main line through a special gas distributor. On the basis of HEINZMANN components, a system for dosing mixed gas fuel was developed, which, through a microprocessor control unit and an actuator, acted on the throttle valve of the gas mixer. In experimental researches, the composite fuel was a model gas – a mixture of natural and carbon dioxide gases, which was prepared in a zero pressure reducer before the gas mixer. With an increase in the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the model gas by more than 34 %, a deterioration of the combustion process was observed in the steady state. In the article, based on the analysis of the experimental results of the operation of a piston gas engine on a model gas, an algorithm for the use of associated automatic control of biogas and methane feeds is substantiated. The transition from quantitative to qualitative regulation of the gas-air mixture has been substantiated. To do this, it is necessary to create two automatic control loops for the supply of air and a mixture of natural gas, which are interconnected through an external load. With the developed algorithm, as the load increases, the supply of natural gas increases, and the supply of biogas decreases. With an increase in the load of 75 % or more, a more intensive enrichment of the fuel mixture with natural gas occurs than at low and medium loads. The proposed algorithm for regulating the fuel mixture can be implemented using electromagnetic gas injectors for dosing the components of the composite fuel. Signals from sensors for oxygen and methane content in exhaust gases were selected as corrective links for the coupled control algorithm. Recommendations on the choice of tuning modes for oxygen and methane sensors have been developed.
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燃气发动机中沼气供应和甲烷的相关规定
在额定功率为30kw,转速为1500rpm的气电装置上进行了实验研究。火花点燃的汽油驱动发动机(8缸,100毫米缸径,88毫米冲程)被转换为纯气体发动机。8.5的压缩比没有变化。燃气燃料供应系统由供气管线和紧急切断回路组成。天然气供气管线通过专用配气器与国内干线相连。在HEINZMANN组件的基础上,开发了一种混合气体燃料加药系统,该系统通过微处理器控制单元和执行器作用于混合器的节流阀。在实验研究中,复合燃料是一种模型气体——天然气体和二氧化碳气体的混合物,在气体混合器之前在零压减速器中制备。随着模型气体中二氧化碳体积分数的增加超过34%,在稳态下观察到燃烧过程的恶化。本文在分析活塞式燃气发动机在模型燃气上运行的实验结果的基础上,提出了一种利用沼气和甲烷进料联合自动控制的算法。证实了气体-空气混合的定量调节向定性调节的转变。要做到这一点,有必要创建两个自动控制回路,用于供应空气和天然气混合物,它们通过外部负载相互连接。根据所开发的算法,随着负荷的增加,天然气供给量增加,而沼气供给量减少。当负荷增加75%或更多时,与中、低负荷相比,燃料混合物中天然气的富集更加强烈。所提出的调节燃料混合物的算法可以使用电磁气体喷射器对复合燃料的组分进行加药。选取废气中氧气和甲烷含量传感器信号作为耦合控制算法的校正环节。对氧和甲烷传感器的调谐模式的选择提出了建议。
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