Impact of high hydrostatic pressure on the single nucleotide polymorphism of stress-related dnaK, hrcA, and ctsR in the Lactobacillus strains

Joanna Bucka-Kolendo, B. Sokołowska
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widespread in environments and can either have a positive impact because their ability to survive in harsh conditions and influence the product (probiotic properties, change of structure-EPS [exopolysaccharides], etc.), or a negative impact, (so not needed) because of their spoilage ability (beer, juices). High hydrostatic pressure (HHP), one of the non-thermal preservation methods used in the food industry, can force the LAB to activate the adaptative mechanisms. Under pressurization, the changes in the bacteria cells can occur at the transcriptional or translational level. This study evaluated the HHP on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) changes in three genes, dnaK, ctsR, and hrcA, related to the stress-response mechanism in LAB. The correlation between the DNA polymorphism and the gene expression under HHP stress was assessed. The applied pressure of 300 MPa resulted in a low ratio of nonsynonymous substitutions to the synonymous substitutions (0 to 1.12), and a lower number of mutations was observed for pressurized strains (from 6 in hrcA to 11 in dnaK) than in controlled (from 3 in ctsR to 92 in hrcA). In all pressurized strains, the expression of genes was observed, whereas, in control strains, the gene expression was detected in three out of five strains. Although there was a noticeable change in stress-related gene expression after HHP, there was no correlation with SNPs. At the same time, with a high frequency of synonymous changes in nucleotide and high diversity for hrcA and dnaK, a very low diversity was found in ctsR sequences. The LAB strains stress response mechanisms are much more complex. The study requires information on the general mechanism and changes in the membranes’ composition, proteome changes, and gene expression patterns. The mutations in genes related to stress can have important implications for the strains’ fitness effect and adaptive ability of LAB strains, especially considering their food industry implication where the HHP techniques are used.
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高静水压力对乳酸杆菌应激相关dna、hrcA和ctsR单核苷酸多态性的影响
乳酸菌(LAB)在环境中广泛存在,由于它们在恶劣条件下生存的能力和对产品的影响(益生菌特性,结构变化- eps[外多糖]等),因此可以产生积极影响,或者由于它们的腐败能力(啤酒,果汁)而产生负面影响(因此不需要)。高静水压力(HHP)是食品工业中使用的非保温方法之一,它可以迫使LAB激活自适应机制。在压力下,细菌细胞的变化可以发生在转录或翻译水平上。本研究对LAB应激反应机制相关基因dnaK、ctsR和hrcA的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)变化进行了评价。评估了HHP胁迫下DNA多态性与基因表达的相关性。施加300 MPa压力导致非同义取代与同义取代的比例较低(0比1.12),并且加压菌株的突变数(hrcA为6个,dnaK为11个)低于对照菌株(ctsR为3个,hrcA为92个)。在所有加压菌株中均观察到基因表达,而在对照菌株中,5株菌株中有3株检测到基因表达。虽然HHP后应激相关基因表达有明显变化,但与snp无关。同时,由于hrcA和dnaK的核苷酸同义变化频率高,多样性高,ctsR序列的多样性很低。LAB菌株的应力响应机制要复杂得多。这项研究需要了解细胞膜组成、蛋白质组变化和基因表达模式的一般机制和变化。与胁迫相关的基因突变可能对LAB菌株的适应度效应和适应能力具有重要影响,特别是考虑到它们在使用HHP技术的食品工业中的应用。
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