CH4 emissions from biomass burning of shifting cultivation areas of tropical deciduous forests – experimental results from ground-based measurements

Prabhat K. Gupta , V. Krishna Prasad , C. Sharma , A.K. Sarkar , Yogesh Kant , K.V.S. Badarinath , A.P. Mitra
{"title":"CH4 emissions from biomass burning of shifting cultivation areas of tropical deciduous forests – experimental results from ground-based measurements","authors":"Prabhat K. Gupta ,&nbsp;V. Krishna Prasad ,&nbsp;C. Sharma ,&nbsp;A.K. Sarkar ,&nbsp;Yogesh Kant ,&nbsp;K.V.S. Badarinath ,&nbsp;A.P. Mitra","doi":"10.1016/S1465-9972(01)00003-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Context Abstract</em>: Tropical deciduous fires from shifting cultivation process in India are characterized by the highly differential nature of fire behavior due to fragmented burning patterns. Our study from ground-based experiments from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forest fires suggests smoldering combustion as the dominating process during biomass burning which leads to evolution of more incompletely oxidized products such as Methane when compared to other ecosystems such as Savannas. In the study, we report emission ratios and emission factors for methane from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forests. As tropical deciduous forests in India cover more than 50% of overall forests, the emission factors obtained in the present study can be used widely for methane emission estimation from forest biomass burning studies in other parts of India and in modeling studies of Methane from forest biomass burning in India.</p><p><em>Main Abstract</em>: Biomass burning is an important source of trace gas emissions to the atmosphere. Methane emitted from the biomass burning contributes to the atmospheric greenhouse effect and is sufficiently long-lived to enter the stratosphere and take part in the stratospheric ozone cycles. In India, though CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the different sources such as rice paddy fields and domestic animals have been well studied, there are relatively no field-based studies with respect to CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from biomass burning. In the present study, we report for the first time, the CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forests cleared for shifting cultivation purposes. Trace gas emissions from the biomass burning plumes have been collected through grab sampling in canisters as well as from online measurements through instruments. Site characteristics with respect to species composition, amount of biomass burnt and relative amounts of combustion, viz., flaming, mixed and smoldering have been determined. Modified combustion efficiency has been used to differentiate relative amounts of combustion. Emission ratios were calculated with respect to CO<sub>2</sub> and emission factors based on the amount of biomass consumed. Results of the study with respect to biomass estimations prior to burning suggested values of 12–14 t ha<sup>−1</sup> at the first site and 13.5–15.3 t ha<sup>−1</sup> at the second site. The mean modified combustion efficiencies during flaming, mixed and smoldering combustion phases for the first site were found to be 95.7%, 91.1% and 74.4% and 95.31%, 90.63% and 72.89%, respectively, for the second site. The average biomass consumed during the fire ranged from 4.7 t ha<sup>−1</sup> (site 1) to 3.4 t ha<sup>−1</sup> (site 2), indicating low amount of biomass burnt during the first phase of burning in shifting cultivation areas. Results suggested the CH<sub>4</sub> emission ratios of 1.29% at the first site and 1.59% at the second site. The CH<sub>4</sub> emission ratios obtained in the present study are closer to the most accepted estimates of 1.2±0.5% obtained for tropical forests elsewhere. Using the emission ratios obtained in the study and estimating the amount of methane emissions from biomass burning suggests that nearly 0.99 Tg of methane is emitted annually from shifting cultivation process in India. Also, in the study, a detailed comparison of emission ratios and emission factors of CH<sub>4</sub> has been made.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100235,"journal":{"name":"Chemosphere - Global Change Science","volume":"3 2","pages":"Pages 133-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2001-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1465-9972(01)00003-4","citationCount":"19","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Chemosphere - Global Change Science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1465997201000034","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19

Abstract

Context Abstract: Tropical deciduous fires from shifting cultivation process in India are characterized by the highly differential nature of fire behavior due to fragmented burning patterns. Our study from ground-based experiments from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forest fires suggests smoldering combustion as the dominating process during biomass burning which leads to evolution of more incompletely oxidized products such as Methane when compared to other ecosystems such as Savannas. In the study, we report emission ratios and emission factors for methane from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forests. As tropical deciduous forests in India cover more than 50% of overall forests, the emission factors obtained in the present study can be used widely for methane emission estimation from forest biomass burning studies in other parts of India and in modeling studies of Methane from forest biomass burning in India.

Main Abstract: Biomass burning is an important source of trace gas emissions to the atmosphere. Methane emitted from the biomass burning contributes to the atmospheric greenhouse effect and is sufficiently long-lived to enter the stratosphere and take part in the stratospheric ozone cycles. In India, though CH4 emissions from the different sources such as rice paddy fields and domestic animals have been well studied, there are relatively no field-based studies with respect to CH4 emissions from biomass burning. In the present study, we report for the first time, the CH4 emissions from biomass burning of tropical deciduous forests cleared for shifting cultivation purposes. Trace gas emissions from the biomass burning plumes have been collected through grab sampling in canisters as well as from online measurements through instruments. Site characteristics with respect to species composition, amount of biomass burnt and relative amounts of combustion, viz., flaming, mixed and smoldering have been determined. Modified combustion efficiency has been used to differentiate relative amounts of combustion. Emission ratios were calculated with respect to CO2 and emission factors based on the amount of biomass consumed. Results of the study with respect to biomass estimations prior to burning suggested values of 12–14 t ha−1 at the first site and 13.5–15.3 t ha−1 at the second site. The mean modified combustion efficiencies during flaming, mixed and smoldering combustion phases for the first site were found to be 95.7%, 91.1% and 74.4% and 95.31%, 90.63% and 72.89%, respectively, for the second site. The average biomass consumed during the fire ranged from 4.7 t ha−1 (site 1) to 3.4 t ha−1 (site 2), indicating low amount of biomass burnt during the first phase of burning in shifting cultivation areas. Results suggested the CH4 emission ratios of 1.29% at the first site and 1.59% at the second site. The CH4 emission ratios obtained in the present study are closer to the most accepted estimates of 1.2±0.5% obtained for tropical forests elsewhere. Using the emission ratios obtained in the study and estimating the amount of methane emissions from biomass burning suggests that nearly 0.99 Tg of methane is emitted annually from shifting cultivation process in India. Also, in the study, a detailed comparison of emission ratios and emission factors of CH4 has been made.

查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
热带落叶林移动耕作区生物质燃烧产生的CH4排放——地面测量的实验结果
摘要:在印度,由于破碎的燃烧模式,热带落叶火灾的特征是火灾行为的高度差异。我们对热带落叶森林火灾生物质燃烧的地面实验研究表明,与稀树草原等其他生态系统相比,阴燃燃烧是生物质燃烧的主要过程,导致更多不完全氧化产物(如甲烷)的进化。在研究中,我们报告了热带落叶森林生物质燃烧产生的甲烷的排放比和排放因子。由于印度的热带落叶森林覆盖了整个森林的50%以上,本研究获得的排放因子可广泛用于印度其他地区森林生物质燃烧研究的甲烷排放估算以及印度森林生物质燃烧甲烷的建模研究。摘要:生物质燃烧是向大气排放微量气体的重要来源。生物质燃烧释放的甲烷有助于大气温室效应,并且寿命足够长,可以进入平流层并参与平流层臭氧循环。在印度,虽然对稻田和家畜等不同来源的甲烷排放进行了很好的研究,但相对而言,还没有关于生物质燃烧产生的甲烷排放的实地研究。在本研究中,我们首次报道了热带落叶森林转耕后生物质燃烧产生的CH4排放。通过罐中抓取取样以及通过仪器进行在线测量,收集了来自生物质燃烧羽流的微量气体排放。已经确定了有关物种组成、生物质燃烧量和相对燃烧量(即燃烧、混合和阴燃)的场地特征。改进的燃烧效率被用来区分相对的燃烧量。排放比是根据二氧化碳和基于生物质消耗量的排放因子计算的。研究结果表明,燃烧前的生物量估算值在第一个地点为12-14 t ha - 1,在第二个地点为13.5-15.3 t ha - 1。燃烧、混合和阴燃阶段的平均修正燃烧效率分别为95.7%、91.1%和74.4%和95.31%、90.63%和72.89%。火灾期间消耗的平均生物量在4.7 t ha - 1(站点1)至3.4 t ha - 1(站点2)之间,表明在移动耕作区域燃烧的第一阶段燃烧的生物量较少。结果表明,第1点和第2点的CH4排放比分别为1.29%和1.59%。本研究获得的CH4排放比更接近于其他地区热带森林获得的最广为接受的估计值1.2±0.5%。使用研究中获得的排放比并估计生物质燃烧产生的甲烷排放量表明,印度每年从轮作耕作过程中排放近0.99 Tg的甲烷。同时,对CH4的排放比和排放因子进行了详细的比较。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
期刊最新文献
Methane production and theoretical consumption in UK livestock production: is a realistic balance possible? Carbon sink in cropland soils and the emission of greenhouse gases from paddy soils: a review of work in China Modeling the biogeochemical cycle of dimethylsulfide in the upper ocean: a review On the performance of SF6 permeation tubes used in determining methane emission from grazing livestock An analysis of simulated and observed global mean near-surface air temperature anomalies from 1979 to 1999: trends and attribution of causes
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1