Control of the Green Peach Aphid Insect, Myzus persicae and the Glassy Clover Snail, Monacha cartusiana (Müller) by using Fungus, Trichoderma yunnanense as a Safe Alternative to Pesticides and its Effect on Aminotransferase Enzymes Activity

Abstract

Studies disclosed that insecticide and molluscicidal activity of fungus, Trichoderma yunnanense against the green peach aphid insect, Myzus persicae and Monacha cartusiana snail (Müller), respectively using dipping and spraying techniques. Data showed that T. yunnanense metabolites was the most impact compound followed with T. yunnanense spore suspension against insect, M. persicae compared to Bioranza and Sumithion. In the contrary, results reported that T. yunnanense spore suspension was the most impact compound followed, with T. yunnanense metabolites versus juveniles and adults of M. cartusiana snail compared methomyl pesticide beneath laboratory conditions. Moreover, datum indicated that the residual impact on reduction percentages next 21days were (19.15& 33.08%) for T. yunnanense spore suspension at concentrations (10 6 & 10 8 spore/ml), respectively and (54.70& 85.71%) for methomyl pesticide at concentrations (1&2%), respectively using spraying technique under field conditions. Furthermore, studies showed that fungal, T. yunnanense ( 10 8 spore/ml) was existence after 3 days and disappearance after 7 days using spray application in a field cultivated with lettuce compared control. Also, data reported that changes in activity of AST and ALT enzymes in adults of tested insect and snail treated with fungus, T. yunnanense spore suspension. At concentration 10 8 was very high decrease in AST and ALT enzyme compared to control recording (-76.57, - 49.44, -38.06 %) and (-41.14, -21.75, -15.30 %) of AST enzyme (-26.35, - 49.30, -70.42 %) and (-28.42, -55.88, -90.56%) of ALT enzyme of M. persicae and M. cartusiana, respectively . Finally, T. yunnanense was identified by using 18s rRNA and its accession OQ659412.