Experimental study of pollutant accumulation on an urban road surface

Abstract

An understanding of pollutant characteristics on impervious surfaces is essential to estimate pollutant washoff characteristics and to design methods to minimise the impacts of pollutants on the environment. This paper presents data on surface pollutant characteristics on an urban road surface in Melbourne, Australia, from samples collected over a 36 day period. The data indicate that buildup over the dry days occurs relatively quickly after a rain event, but slows down after several days as redistribution occurs. The surface pollutant also becomes finer over the dry days as it is disintegrated. The washoff of surface pollutant is dependent on the rainfall and runoff characteristics, but the results here show that common storms only remove a small proportion of the total surface pollutant load. The data also show that street sweeping may have an adverse impact on pollutant washoff because the street sweeper releases the finer material but only removes some of them, making the fine sediment available for washoff by the next storm. The data also show that most of the nutrients are attached to the finer sediments, and to effectively reduce nutrient loads in particulates, treatment facilities must be able to remove the finer particles (down to 50 μm for TP and down to 10 μm for TN), and not just the total sediment or suspended solid load.