A Horizontally Scalable and Reliable Architecture for Location-Based Publish-Subscribe

B. Chapuis, B. Garbinato, Lucas Mourot
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

With billions of connected users and objects, location-based services face a massive scalability challenge. We propose a horizontally-scalable and reliable location-based publish/subscribe architecture that can be deployed on a cluster made of commodity hardware. As many modern location-based publish/subscribe systems, our architecture supports moving publishers, as well as moving subscribers. When a publication moves in the range of a subscription, the owner of this subscription is instantly notified via a server-initiated event, usually in the form of a push notification. To achieve this, most existing solutions rely on classic indexing data structures, such as R-trees, and they struggle at scaling beyond the scope of a single computing unit. Our architecture introduces a multi-step routing mechanism that, to achieve horizontal scalability, efficiently combines range partitioning, consistent hashing and a min-wise hashing agreement. In case of node failure, an active replication strategy ensures a reliable delivery of publication throughout the multistep routing mechanism. From an algorithmic perspective, we show that the number of messages required to compute a match is optimal in the execution model we consider and that the number of routing steps is constant. Using experimental results, we show that our method achieves high throughput, low latency and scales horizontally. For example, with a cluster made of 200~nodes, our architecture can process up to 190'000 location updates per second for a fleet of nearly 1'900'000 moving entities, producing more than 130'000 matches per second.
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基于位置的发布-订阅水平可扩展和可靠的体系结构
随着数十亿用户和对象的连接,基于位置的服务面临着巨大的可扩展性挑战。我们提出了一种水平可伸缩的、可靠的、基于位置的发布/订阅体系结构,它可以部署在由商品硬件组成的集群上。与许多现代基于位置的发布/订阅系统一样,我们的体系结构支持移动发布者和移动订阅者。当发布移动到订阅范围中时,将通过服务器发起的事件立即通知此订阅的所有者,通常采用推送通知的形式。为了实现这一点,大多数现有的解决方案依赖于经典的索引数据结构,例如r树,并且它们难以扩展到单个计算单元的范围之外。我们的架构引入了一种多步路由机制,为了实现水平可扩展性,它有效地结合了范围分区、一致哈希和最小哈希协议。在发生节点故障的情况下,主动复制策略可确保在整个多步骤路由机制中可靠地交付发布。从算法的角度来看,我们展示了计算匹配所需的消息数量在我们考虑的执行模型中是最优的,并且路由步骤的数量是恒定的。实验结果表明,该方法实现了高吞吐量、低延迟和水平扩展。例如,在一个由200个节点组成的集群中,我们的架构每秒可以为近190万个移动实体处理多达19万个位置更新,每秒产生超过13万个匹配。
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