Understanding the spatial variation of perceived threat outcomes in intergroup conflict: a case study of the ethnic and religious conflicts in Jos, Nigeria

IF 1.1 Q3 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Conflict Security & Development Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI:10.1080/14678802.2022.2056390
Surulola Eke
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Abstract

ABSTRACT In extant scholarship on intergroup conflict, perceived threat is portrayed as either positively linked with conflict occurrence or neutralizable by individuals’ internal psychological inhibitors, such as feelings about a past experience or encounter or pre-existing dovish disposition. Yet, conflict avoidance is possible even in the absence of such internal guardrails against destructive responses to threat. This comparative qualitative study of two similarly structured communities in Jos, Nigeria’s ethnic conflict hotbed, reveals that while perceived threat may create aggressive dispositions, as established in extant scholarship on intergroup conflict, conflict avoidance remains possible in the absence of both internal inhibitors and external coercion. The compared Jos communities, Angwan Doki and Dadin Kowa, are similar in terms of widespread fear of the outgroup and significant willingness to respond aggressively to threat. Yet, conflict avoidance was possible in the latter because its community leaders both wittingly and unwittingly confronted the underlying threat that drove people’s violent dispositions. Past variability analyses omit this dynamic of external malleability of perceived threat outcomes – aggression and violence. Generally, the findings show that low-tech threat management interventions are more effective at mitigating intergroup conflict in weak states than interventions that seek to forcefully suppress the threat.
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族群间冲突中感知威胁结果的空间变异:以尼日利亚乔斯的种族和宗教冲突为例
在现有的群体间冲突研究中,感知威胁被描述为要么与冲突发生呈正相关,要么被个体的内部心理抑制因素所中和,比如对过去经历或遭遇的感受,或先前存在的鸽派倾向。然而,即使没有这种防止对威胁作出破坏性反应的内部护栏,避免冲突也是可能的。这项对尼日利亚种族冲突的温床乔斯的两个结构相似的社区进行的比较定性研究表明,虽然感知到的威胁可能会产生侵略性倾向,正如现有的关于群体间冲突的学术研究所建立的那样,在没有内部抑制和外部胁迫的情况下,冲突避免仍然是可能的。比较后的乔斯社区Angwan Doki和Dadin Kowa在普遍对外群体的恐惧和对威胁作出积极反应的意愿方面是相似的。然而,在后者,避免冲突是可能的,因为它的社区领导人有意无意地面对驱使人们暴力倾向的潜在威胁。过去的变异性分析忽略了感知威胁结果(侵略和暴力)的外部可塑性动态。总的来说,研究结果表明,在弱国,低技术含量的威胁管理干预措施在缓解群体间冲突方面比寻求强力压制威胁的干预措施更有效。
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来源期刊
Conflict Security & Development
Conflict Security & Development INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
7.70%
发文量
22
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