The Present Status and Trends in Development of Agriculture in Apuseni Mountains

Abstract

The region of Apuseni Mountain has suffered many changes over time, which is due to supra intensive exploitation of the wood mass, depopulation of villages, decreasing the number of livestock and land abandonment. The civilization of villages from „Stone Land”  is represented by a specific landscape which includes reliefs forms, the pastoral construction generated by a way of life is seriously threatened by current developments. The purpose of this study was to track the time evolution of the structure of agricultural land, livestock and prospects of the area. The information about agricultural surfaces, livestock  ( their evolution in time )  were taken from the Agricultural Registers of  Băișoara, Beliș, Călăţele villages,   ( General Urban Plan -1998-2010-2011) , but also from villages records  ( 1990-2011)  from I.N.S. Cluj. Demographic data necessary for this study were taken from the 1990-2011 Censuses of Population to trace the trend of evolution of the area studied. These data were graphically processed. The results show that during the years 1990-2011, the Băișoara, Beliș, Călăţele villages have occurred important changes in the categories of  land use, livestock and degree of depopulation of villages.  It was found that over time, the population of the villages taken to be studied  ( Băișoara, Beliș, Călăţele )  decreased and  therefore changes occurred regarding land use, the number of livestock decreased and pastures are under cargo. The close relationship between  the grassland condition and number of animals and degree of intensification of crop systems determines the direction of their evolution.