Model test of the mechanism underpinning water-and-mud inrush disasters during tunnel excavation in sandstone and slate interbedded Presinian strata

IF 3.3 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A Pub Date : 2022-11-01 DOI:10.1631/jzus.A2200134
P. Xu, P. Peng, Rong-hua Wei, Zhi-qiang Zhang
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Water-and-mud inrush disasters have become a major challenge in underground engineering for the construction of tunnels in sandstone and slate interbedded Presinian strata. Disaster prediction and prevention rely in part on realistic modeling and observation of the disaster process, as well as the identification and examination of the underlying mechanisms. Based on the geological conditions and the historical records of the Xinping Tunnel on the China—Laos Railway, an engineering geological model of the water-and-mud inrush was established. A physical model test that accurately reproduced water-and-mud inrush during tunnel excavation in sandstone and slate interbedded strata was also carried out. Then, testing was conducted that examined the stress and strain, seepage pressure, and high-leakage flow of the surrounding rock. The results indicated that the water-and-mud inrush proceeded through three stages: seepage stage, high-leakage flow stage, and attenuation stage. In essence, the disaster was a catastrophic process, during which the water-resistant stratum was reduced to a critical safety thickness, a water-inrush channel formed, and the water-resistant stratum gradually failed under the influence of excavation unloading and in situ stress—seepage coupling. Parameters such as the stress and strain, seepage pressure, and flow of the surrounding rock had evident stage-related features during water-and-mud inrush, and their variation indicated the formation, development, and evolution of the disaster. As the tunnel face advanced, the trend of the stress—strain curve of the surrounding rock shifted from sluggish to rapid in its speed of increase. The characteristics of strain energy density revealed the erosion and weakening effect of groundwater on the surrounding rock. The seepage pressure and the thickness of the water-resistant stratum had a positive linear relationship, and the flow and thickness a negative linear relationship. There was a pivotal point at which the seepage pressure changed from high to low and the flow shifted from low to high. The thickness of the water-resistant stratum corresponding to the pivotal point was deemed the critical safety thickness.
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砂岩-板岩互层早侏罗系隧道开挖水泥涌灾害机理模型试验
在砂岩与板岩互层的早侏罗系地层中,水泥涌灾害已成为地下工程建设的主要挑战。灾害预测和预防部分依赖于对灾害过程的现实模拟和观察,以及对潜在机制的确定和审查。根据中老铁路新平隧道的地质条件和历史资料,建立了水泥涌工程地质模型。在砂岩与板岩互层地层中进行了准确再现隧道开挖水泥涌的物理模型试验。然后进行了围岩应力应变、渗流压力、高漏流等测试。结果表明:水泥涌经历了渗流阶段、高漏流阶段和衰减阶段;从本质上讲,灾害是一个在开挖卸载和原位应力-渗流耦合作用下,抗水层降低到临界安全厚度,形成突水通道,抗水层逐渐破坏的灾变过程。水泥涌过程中围岩应力应变、渗流压力、流量等参数具有明显的阶段特征,其变化反映了灾害的形成、发展和演化过程。随着掘进工作面的推进,围岩应力-应变曲线的增长速度由缓慢向快速转变。应变能密度特征揭示了地下水对围岩的侵蚀和弱化作用。渗流压力与防水层厚度成正线性关系,流量与厚度成负线性关系。渗流压力由高到低,流量由低到高,存在一个临界点。将枢纽点对应的防水层厚度作为临界安全厚度。
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来源期刊
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A 工程技术-工程:综合
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
12.50%
发文量
2964
审稿时长
2.9 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A covers research in Applied Physics, Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Environmental Science and Energy, Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, etc.
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