Strict Liability and the Purpose of Punishment

IF 0.4 Q2 Social Sciences New Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI:10.1525/nclr.2020.23.4.516
Monika Simmler
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

The main argument of this article is that only a clear conception of the purpose of punishment can orient the debate about the positioning of the fault requirement and strict liability doctrine in criminal law. A categorization of the varieties of strict liability offenses, as well as an adequate model for normatively appraising the legitimacy of these deviations from the principle of culpability, should be based on a systematic analysis of criminal law’s role and function in society. As is argued, the original purpose of criminal law consists in the stabilization of norms by means of punishment. Taking up that finding, this work provides a detailed view of the distinct mechanism of placing blame, allowing for the presentation of a clear scheme for categorizing and appraising the variety of strict liability offenses. It is stated that offenses substantively deviating from the standard mechanism of placing blame can potentially result in over-punishment, which is dysfunctional and not justifiable. Properly placing blame is essential for the appropriate fulfillment of criminal law’s purpose in society. Therefore, the claim of the principle of culpability and critiques of strict liability doctrine find their basis not only in considerations of fairness, but also social necessity. By presenting a systematic categorization of strict liability offenses, this research offers a clear approach to a frequently discussed doctrine and establishes new arguments against its legitimacy.
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严格责任与处罚目的
本文的主要论点是,只有明确刑罚目的的概念,才能为罪责要件和严格责任原则在刑法中的定位之争指明方向。严格责任犯罪的种类分类,以及对这些偏离罪责原则的合法性进行规范评价的适当模型,应以对刑法在社会中的作用和功能的系统分析为基础。如前所述,刑法的最初目的在于通过惩罚手段来稳定规范。根据这一发现,这项工作提供了一种独特的指责机制的详细观点,从而可以提出一种明确的计划,对各种严格责任罪行进行分类和评价。文章指出,实质上偏离标准的归咎机制的犯罪行为可能导致惩罚过重,这是不正常的,也是不合理的。适当的罪责是刑法在社会中合理实现其目的的必要条件。因此,罪责原则的主张和对严格责任主义的批判不仅有公平考虑的依据,也有社会必要性的依据。通过对严格责任犯罪进行系统的分类,本研究为一个经常被讨论的理论提供了一个清晰的方法,并建立了反对其合法性的新论点。
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期刊介绍: Focused on examinations of crime and punishment in domestic, transnational, and international contexts, New Criminal Law Review provides timely, innovative commentary and in-depth scholarly analyses on a wide range of criminal law topics. The journal encourages a variety of methodological and theoretical approaches and is a crucial resource for criminal law professionals in both academia and the criminal justice system. The journal publishes thematic forum sections and special issues, full-length peer-reviewed articles, book reviews, and occasional correspondence.
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