Estimation of allele and haplotype frequencies for 23 YSTR markers of Iraqi populations in Baghdad

Abstract

Specialized class of short tandem repeats located on human Y (male) chromosomes called Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are transferred from one generation to the next with unchanged (barring a mutation). Also, these loci have high discriminatory capacities among individuals of the same population or ethnicity due to the non-recombining nature of it. Peripheral blood sample from 160 unrelated Iraqi males in Baghdad are collected and DNA was extracted from it. Amplification of 23 Y-STR markers (DYS576, DYS3891, DYS448, DYS389II ,DYS19, DYS481, DYS549, DYS533, DYS438, DYS437, DYS570, DYS635, DYS390, DYS439, DYS392, DYS643, DYS393, DYS458a/b, DYS456 and YGATAH4) was performed using PowerPlex Y 23 System (Promega Corporation), PCR amplicons were analyzed on 4-capillary ABI Prism® 3100 Genetic Analyzer. Collected data were analyzed and haplotypes were obtained using Gene Mapper ID-X software version 1.4 (Applied Biosystems). Results indicated that the most polymorphic loci were DYS385a/b with 43 alleles and The GD value was 0.929, while 4 alleles at the DYS576 and DYS391, with the genetic diversity of 0.459 and 0.480 respectively. At the loci DYS570 and DYS458 the allele frequency were 10 and 12 alleles with a genetic diversity 0.780 and 0.844 respectively. Gene diversity values for the South of Iraq males ranged from 0.447 to 0.844. The highest GD was detected at DYS458loci with a value of 0.856 and the lowest GD at DYS448 locus with a value of 0.447, 143 Haplotype was identified, 130 (81, 25%) as a unique Haplotype and 13 (18, 75%) as replicated haplotype among individuals. The highest haplotype were found in sample H19, H43, H72 and H122 at frequency 0.01875, While 130 haplotype with 0.00625 frequency and haplotype diversity was 0.99835 with a discrimination capacity 0.91. The study revealed that the loci under study and the used kit are suitable for use in identification, discrimination and forensic applications in the Iraqi population.