Features of vaginal microbiocenosis and activation of perinatally significant viral infections in women with premature rupture of membranes

Abstract

Aim. The research aims was to identify the features of the qualitative and quantitative state of the vaginal microflora and the role of activation of perinatally significant infections in pregnant women with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Materials and methods. 63 patients aged 16 to 44 were examined. Women with PROM comprised the main group (n=31), the comparison group consisted of pregnant women with term birth (n=32). A comprehensive molecular genetic study of the vaginal microbiota was carried out by quantitative real-time PCR, DNA detection of pathogens of viral and bacterial infections – by PCR, and serological markers – by ELISA. Results. As opposed to the comparison group, women from the main group were diagnosed with dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota 1.7 times more often; vivid manifestations with the proliferation of opportunistic microflora and the predominance of Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. 2.8 times more often; Eubacterium spp. 4.4 times more often; Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp. 11.5 times more often. In women with PROM, the activation of cytomegalovirus infection was detected 10.0 times more often and the herpes simplex virus 6.0 times more often than in pregnant women with term birth. In patients of the main group, infection of the placenta with sexually transmitted agents and perinatally significant viral infections was detected 1.7 times more often than in women with term birth. Conclusion. Women with PROM were diagnosed with the genital tract infection with opportunistic microflora and high rise of herpesvirus infections. The influence of these factors on preterm labor is confirmed by the detection of infectious agents in placentas.