Front & Back Matter

Abstract

Each paper needs an abstract in English of up to 10 lines. Footnotes: Avoid footnotes. Tables and illustrations: Tables and illustrations (both numbered in Arabic numerals) should be stored in separate files. Tables require a heading and figures a legend, also in separate files. Labels of illustrations should begin with an upper-case letter and be cen ter ed; units should be in parentheses. For graphs containing coordinates (plots) please conform to the sample figure shown in the Guidelines for Authors at: www.karger. com/aud_Guidelines. Due to technical reasons, figures with a screen background should not be submitted. When possible, group several illustrations in one block for reproduction (max. size 180  223 mm). B/w half-tone and color illustrations must have a final resolution of 300 dpi after scaling, line drawings one of 800–1,200 dpi. Color illustrations Online edition: Color illustrations are reproduced free of charge. In the print version, the illustrations are reproduced in black and white. Please avoid referring to the colors in the text and figure legends. Print edition: Up to 6 color illustrations per page can be integrated within the text at CHF 960.00 per page. Terminology: Authors are advised to use the terminology recommended by the ISO-IEC, Nomina Anatomica and WHO list of approved names for drugs. Abbreviations: Their use should be limited and they should be explained when first mentioned. Audiograms: All audiograms must be plotted according to ISO standards. References: Identify references [in square brackets] in the text by naming the authors and the year. 1 author: [Forsten, 1990]; 2 authors: [Geddes and Rølla, 1988]; 3 and more authors: [Hallgren et al., 1992]. Material submitted for publication but not yet accepted should be noted as [unpublished data] and may not be included in the reference list. The list of references should include only those publications cited in the text. Arrange the reference list in strict alphabetical order according to the examples given below. The authors’ surnames followed by their initials should be given, and each name should be separated by a comma. Preferably, please cite all authors. For papers by the same authors, listing should be according to the year; for papers by the same authors published in the same year, use the letters a, b, c, etc. directly (no space) connected to the year. For journal abbreviations, please use the Index Medicus system. For details see www.icmje.org. Examples (a) Papers published in periodicals: Chatel J-M, Bernard H, Orson FM: Isolation and characterization of two complete Ara h 2 isoforms cDNA. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003;131:14–18. (b) Papers published only with DOI numbers: Theoharides TC, Boucher W, Spear K: Serum interleukin-6 reflects disease severity and osteoporosis in mastocytosis patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol DOI: 10.1159/000063858. (c) Monographs: Matthews DE, Farewell VT: Using and Understanding Medical Statistics, ed 3, revised. Basel, Karger, 1996. (d) Edited books: Hone SW, Smith RJH: Understanding inner ear physiology at the molecular level; in Cremers Cor WRJ, Smith RJH (eds): Genetic Hearing Impairment. Adv Otorhinolaryngol. Basel, Kar ger, 2002, vol 61, pp 1–10. Digital Object Identifier (DOI) S. Karger Publishers supports DOIs as unique identifiers for articles. A DOI number will be printed on the title page of each article. DOIs can be useful in the future for identifying and citing articles published online without volume or issue information. More information can be found at www.doi.org. Self-Archiving/Green Open Access Karger permits authors to archive their pre-prints (i.e. pre-peer review) or post-prints (i.e. accepted manuscript after peer review but before production) on their personal or their institution’s internal website. In addition, authors may post their accepted manuscripts in public Open Access repositories and scientific networks (e.g. ResearchGate or Mendeley) no earlier than 12 months following publication of the final version of their article. For all self-archiving, the posted manuscripts must: • Be used for noncommercial purposes only • Be linked to the final version on www.karger.com • Include the following statement: “This is the peer-reviewed but unedited manuscript version of the following article: [insert full citation, e.g. Cytogenet Genome Res 2014;142:227–238 (DOI: 10.1159/000361001)]. The final, published version is available at http://www.karger.com/?doi=[insert DOI number].” It is the author’s responsibility to fulfill these requirements. For papers published online first with a DOI number only, full citation details must be added as soon as the paper is published in its final version. This is important to ensure that citations can be credited to the article. Manuscripts to be archived in PubMed Central due to funding requirements will be submitted by Karger on the author’s behalf [see Funding Organizations (NIH etc.)]. For self-archiving Author’s ChoiceTM (Gold Open Access) articles, see Author’s ChoiceTM. Supplementary Material Multimedia files and other supplementary files, directly relevant but not essential to the conclusions of a paper,