Características clínicas, terapéuticas y evolutivas de los pacientes jóvenes ingresados por síndrome coronario agudo. ¿Existen diferencias entre sexos?

Abstract

Introduction

The prevalence of acute coronary syndrome in young population is estimated at around 6% and 10%. Previous studies have suggested clinical and evolutionary differences between men and young women suffering from an event of this type.

Methods

This was a retrospective study that included all male patients under 45 years of age and women under 55 years of age, who were admitted for acute coronary syndrome at our center between 2006 and 2014. We studied cardiovascular risk factors, type of coronary disease and treatment strategy, as well as mortality and events at follow-up.

Results

A total of 471 patients were included, 283 men and 188 women. High blood pressure and diabetes mellitus were more frequent among women (46.8% and 30.9%, respectively) than among men (30% and 9.5% respectively, P < .001), whereas there were more smoking men (88.7% vs. 68.1%, P < .001) and cocaine use (11% vs. 1.1%, P < .011). The men group received revascularization treatment in greater proportion than the women group (90.8% vs. 75%, P < .001) and better medical treatment at discharge. With a mean follow-up of 61.34 ± 30.14 months, long-term mortality was higher among the female group (8.1% vs. 2.3%, P = .004).

Conclusions

There were significant differences in the distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and type of coronary disease and treatment. Long-term mortality was higher among women group.