Evaluation The Ameliorative Effect of Alcoholic Extracts of Citrullus colocynthis and Phyllanthus Emblica Fruits on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Male Rats

Abstract

: iabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious health issue for the general public. In this work, male diabetic rats were used to determine the impact of Citrullus colocynthis and Phyllanthus Emblica fruits ethanolic extract (EECC and EEPE). Six groups of thirty mature rats (male Sprague Dawley) were examined. In the first group, normal rats have been fed a balanced diet served as the negative control group (C); in the second group, diabetic rats served as the control positive (C+). Diabetic rats in groups 3, 4, 5, and 6 received daily treatments of (200 and 400 mg kg -1 body weight (BW) EECC and EEPE, respectively. After four weeks of treatment, Biochemical indicators were examined in all blood samples. Streptozotocin was injected and resulted in a significant reduction in feed intake (FI), feed efficiency (FER) body weight gain (BWG), serum insulin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), globulin, albumin, and total protein, as well as antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pancreatic tissue, whereas a significant increment was noted in serum glucose, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low & very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c and VLDL-c), atherogenic index (AI), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, uric acid, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-α, creatine phosphate kinase (CPK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in pancreatic tissue. The treatment of diabetic animals with different ethanolic extracts caused improvements in all previously measured parameters, with EEPE (400 mg kg -1 BW) showing the greatest improvement.