A Practical and Innovative Workflow to Support the Numerical Simulation of CO2 Storage in Large Field-Scale Models

IF 2.1 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.2118/215838-pa
Marcos Vitor Barbosa Machado, M. Delshad, K. Sepehrnoori
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Numerical simulation of the CO2 storage process in porous media, such as in hydrocarbon (gas or oil) depleted reservoirs and in saline aquifers, has been the most indicated tool due to its ability to represent CO2 capacity and the different trapping mechanisms that retain CO2 in the subsurface. Given the complexity of the physicochemical phenomena involved, the modeling needs to incorporate multiphase flow, complex representation of fluids, rock, and rock-fluid interaction properties. These include CO2 reactions with aqueous species and with reservoir rock minerals, in addition to the structural and stratigraphic aspects of the reservoir heterogeneity. These phenomena need to be represented on suitable temporal and spatial scales for accurate predictions of their impacts. Currently, many studies are focused on simulating submodels or sectors of the reservoir, where using finer grids is still practical. This level of grid refinement can be prohibitive, in terms of simulation times, for modeling the entire reservoir. To address this challenge, we propose a new and practical workflow to simulate CO2 storage projects in large field-scale models. When the proposed workflow is applied in both synthetic and real field cases, simulation time is reduced by up to 96% compared to that of the fine-grid model, preserving the same results in representing the aforementioned mechanisms. The workflow is based on classical and standard approaches to handle the high simulation time, but in this study, they are structured and sequenced in three steps. The first one considers the most relevant mechanisms for CO2 storage, ranked from a high-resolution sector model. With the mechanisms prioritized in the previous step, a single-phase upscaling of petrophysical properties can be applied in the field-scale model, followed by adopting a grid with dynamic sizing. The proposed methodology is applied to saline aquifer models in this study, but it can be extended for storage in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs.
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一个实用的和创新的工作流程,以支持二氧化碳储存的数值模拟在大型现场尺度模型
多孔介质中CO2储存过程的数值模拟,如碳氢化合物(天然气或石油)枯竭的储层和含盐含水层,由于能够表示CO2容量和将CO2保留在地下的不同捕获机制,已经成为最具代表性的工具。考虑到所涉及的物理化学现象的复杂性,建模需要考虑多相流、流体、岩石的复杂表示以及岩石-流体相互作用特性。除了储层非均质性的结构和地层方面外,还包括CO2与含水物质和储层岩石矿物的反应。这些现象需要在适当的时间和空间尺度上表现出来,以便准确预测其影响。目前,许多研究都集中在模拟水库的子模型或扇区,在这些地方使用更细的网格仍然是可行的。就模拟时间而言,这种级别的网格细化对于整个油藏的建模来说可能是令人望而却步的。为了应对这一挑战,我们提出了一种新的实用工作流程来模拟大型现场模型中的二氧化碳储存项目。当提出的工作流应用于综合和实际现场案例时,与细网格模型相比,仿真时间减少了96%,在表示上述机制时保持了相同的结果。该工作流程是基于经典和标准的方法来处理高仿真时间,但在本研究中,它们分为三个步骤进行结构化和排序。第一个考虑了二氧化碳储存最相关的机制,从一个高分辨率的部门模型中排名。根据上一步中优先考虑的机制,可以将岩石物理性质的单相升级应用于油田尺度模型,然后采用动态尺寸网格。本研究中提出的方法适用于含盐含水层模型,但它可以扩展到枯竭油气藏的储存。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
68
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Covers the application of a wide range of topics, including reservoir characterization, geology and geophysics, core analysis, well logging, well testing, reservoir management, enhanced oil recovery, fluid mechanics, performance prediction, reservoir simulation, digital energy, uncertainty/risk assessment, information management, resource and reserve evaluation, portfolio/asset management, project valuation, and petroleum economics.
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