{"title":"“SUBJECT GENERALITY” AND DISTRIBUTION IN MEDIEVAL ARABIC SYLLOGISTIC","authors":"K. El-Rouayheb","doi":"10.1017/S0957423923000012","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A relatively well-known medieval Latin innovation is the doctrine of distributive supposition. This notion came to be used in syllogistic theory in the late medieval and early modern periods, as Latin logicians sought to establish general rules for syllogistic productivity across the various figures. It is much less well-known that some logicians in the medieval Arabic tradition also attempted to establish general rules for the syllogism, appealing to what they called “subject generality.” In the present article, I introduce this use of “subject generality” in some influential Arabic works on logic from the thirteenth century to the sixteenth, specifically Al-ǧumal by Afḍal al-Dīn al-Ḫūnaǧī (d. 1248) and Tahḏīb al-manṭiq by Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī (d. 1390) and some of their commentators. I also compare this concept of “subject generality” to the Latin concept of “distribution.”","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"24 1","pages":"141 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1000,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423923000012","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Abstract A relatively well-known medieval Latin innovation is the doctrine of distributive supposition. This notion came to be used in syllogistic theory in the late medieval and early modern periods, as Latin logicians sought to establish general rules for syllogistic productivity across the various figures. It is much less well-known that some logicians in the medieval Arabic tradition also attempted to establish general rules for the syllogism, appealing to what they called “subject generality.” In the present article, I introduce this use of “subject generality” in some influential Arabic works on logic from the thirteenth century to the sixteenth, specifically Al-ǧumal by Afḍal al-Dīn al-Ḫūnaǧī (d. 1248) and Tahḏīb al-manṭiq by Saʿd al-Dīn al-Taftāzānī (d. 1390) and some of their commentators. I also compare this concept of “subject generality” to the Latin concept of “distribution.”
分配假设学说是中世纪拉丁比较著名的一项创新。这个概念在中世纪晚期和现代早期被用于三段论理论，因为拉丁逻辑学家试图在各种数字中建立三段论生产力的一般规则。鲜为人知的是，中世纪阿拉伯传统中的一些逻辑学家也试图建立三段论的一般规则，呼吁他们所谓的“主体一般性”。在本文中，我介绍了从13世纪到16世纪的一些有影响力的阿拉伯语逻辑著作中“主体通论”的这种使用，特别是Afḍal Al- d Al- d n Al- -Ḫūnaǧī(1248年)的Al- -ǧumal和Sa - d Al- d n al-Taftāzānī(1390年)及其一些评论员的Tahḏīb al-manṭiq。我还将“主体普遍性”的概念与拉丁语中的“分布”概念进行了比较。
期刊介绍：
Arabic Sciences and Philosophy (ASP) is an international journal devoted to the Arabic sciences, mathematics and philosophy in the world of Islam between the eighth and eighteenth centuries, in a cross-cultural context. In 2009, the journal extended its scope to include important papers on scientific modernization from the nineteenth century in the Islamic world. Together with original studies on the history of all these fields, ASP also offers work on the inter-relations between Arabic and Greek, Indian, Chinese, Latin, Byzantine, Syriac and Hebrew sciences and philosophy. Casting new light on the growth of these disciplines, as well as on the social and ideological context in which this growth took place, ASP is essential reading for those interested in these areas.
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