Theory and measurement of the electron cloud effect

K. Harkay
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引用次数: 12

Abstract

Photoelectrons produced through the interaction of synchrotron radiation and the vacuum chamber walls can be accelerated by a charged particle beam, acquiring sufficient energy to produce secondary electrons (SEs) in collisions with the walls. If the secondary-electron yield (SEY) coefficient of the wall material is greater than one, a runaway condition can develop. In addition to the SEY, the degree of amplification depends on the beam intensity and temporal distribution. As the electron cloud builds up along a train of stored bunches, a transverse perturbation of the head bunch can be communicated to trailing bunches in a wakefield-like interaction with the cloud. The electron cloud effect is especially of concern for the high-intensity PEP-II (SLAC) and KEK B-factories and at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. An initiative was undertaken at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) storage ring to characterize the electron cloud in order to provide realistic limits on critical input parameters in the models and improve their predictive capabilities. An intensive research program was undertaken at CERN to address key issues relating to the LHC. After giving an overview, the recent theoretical and experimental results from the APS and the other laboratories are discussed.
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电子云效应的理论与测量
通过同步辐射和真空室壁的相互作用产生的光电子可以被带电粒子束加速,获得足够的能量在与壁的碰撞中产生二次电子(SEs)。如果壁材的二次电子产率系数大于1,就会出现失控的情况。除了SEY,放大的程度还取决于光束强度和时间分布。当电子云沿着存储束的序列积聚时,头部束的横向扰动可以在与云的尾流场类似的相互作用中传递给尾部束。电子云效应对于高强度PEP-II (SLAC)和KEK b工厂以及欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机(LHC)来说尤其值得关注。在先进光子源(APS)存储环上进行了一项倡议,以表征电子云,以便为模型中的关键输入参数提供现实限制,并提高其预测能力。欧洲核子研究中心开展了一项深入的研究计划,以解决与大型强子对撞机有关的关键问题。在给出概述之后,讨论了APS和其他实验室最近的理论和实验结果。
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