Suitability of selected Sri Lankan weeds for the formulation of organic liquid fertilizers

R. Ranasinghe, L. Jayasekera, S. Kannangara, R. Ratnayake
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Tithonia diversifolia, Sphagneticola trilobata, Mikania scandens, Lantana camara, Chromolaena odorata, Panicum maximum and Mimosa pigra are common weeds in Sri Lanka. This study was aimed to assess the nutrient release potential and the weight loss dynamics during leaching of the above weeds to utilize them as organic liquid fertilizers. Thirty samples from each species of oven-dried leaves (5 g) were placed separately in 1 L of distilled water. Three samples of each species were randomly collected at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days and the massloss, electrical conductivity (EC), pH and nutrient contents of the leachates were determined. Four fertilizers (FP1; the selected weeds Tithonia diversifolia + Mikania scandens + Chromolaena odorata (W), FP2; (W) + topsoil, FP3; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash and FP4; (W) + topsoil + coconut husk ash + fish waste) were formulated and based on the nutrient contents the highest nutrient containing FP3 and FP4 were applied on Basella alba. Mass-loss was higher (p<0.05) for Mikania scandens (97%) followed by Tithonia diversifolia (95.8%) and the lowest for Panicum maximum (63.7%). EC and pH of leachates were increased over the time indicating the highest in Mikania scandens (2139±4.7 μS cm) and Lantana camara (7.86±0.06) respectively, and the lowest in Panicum maximum (877±7.6 μS cm, 7.40±0.02). Nutrient contents of the leachates of Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata were higher than those of Panicum maximum. FP4 revealed the highest nutrients and growth performances of shoot height (25.0±0.9 cm), number of leaves (12.0±0.6), leaf area (70.7±1.6 cm), plant fresh weight (56.1±1.2 g) of Basella alba. The results are suggestive of the potential of utilizing Tithonia diversifolia, Mikania scandens and Chromolaena odorata for the formulation of organic fertilizers which would in turn be a low-cost strategy for effective control of these weeds.
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选用斯里兰卡杂草配制有机液体肥料的适宜性
在斯里兰卡常见的杂草有:黄花苔、三叶油葵、薇甘菊、大黄草、臭臭草、大黄草和含羞草。本研究旨在评价上述杂草作为有机液体肥料在淋溶过程中的养分释放潜力和失重动态。每种烘干叶片各30个样品(5 g),分别置于1 L蒸馏水中。在试验第1、3、5、7、14、28、42、56、70、84天随机采集3个样品,测定渗滤液的质量损失、电导率(EC)、pH和营养成分含量。四种肥料(FP1;所选杂草石竹+薇甘菊+臭毛草(W), FP2;(W) +表土,FP3;(W) +表土+椰子壳灰和FP4;以(W) +表土+椰子壳灰+鱼渣为配方,根据养分含量以富营养盐FP3和富营养盐FP4施用于白底藻。质量损失率以薇甘菊(97%)最高(p<0.05),其次为石竹(95.8%),最高的为白头翁(63.7%)。随着时间的推移,渗滤液的EC和pH值均呈上升趋势,其中薇甘菊(2139±4.7 μS cm)和山楂(7.86±0.06)的EC和pH值最高,白头草(877±7.6 μS cm)和白头草(7.40±0.02)的EC和pH值最低。黄柳、薇甘菊和臭臭草的浸出液中营养成分含量高于大黄草。FP4在茎高(25.0±0.9 cm)、叶数(12.0±0.6)、叶面积(70.7±1.6 cm)、株鲜重(56.1±1.2 g)方面表现出最高的营养含量和生长性能。研究结果表明,利用黄苔、薇甘菊和臭臭草配制有机肥是有效防治这些杂草的低成本策略。
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